COMMERCIAL AWARENESS AND PROFESSIONAL ETHICS Essay

COMMERCIAL AWARENESS AND PROFESSIONAL ETHICS - Essay Example that professional ethics is a constant feature in the legal profession, modern legal practice has attracted renewed attention to how professional ethics applies to the profession. For example, while discourse on professional ethics in legal practice tended to focus more on sensational cases such as lawyers knowingly keeping a secret that is life-threatening, some modern scholars are advocating for an interpretive approach that focuses on ordinary cases. According to Markovits, using sensational cases to analyze or evaluate professional ethics in the legal practice is contrary to the principle that ‘great cases make bad laws’.1 The purpose of this paper is to assess the content and role of ethics in modern legal practice. Ethics is a broad topic. Even within the legal practice, the subject of ethics covers a wide range of issues and areas. There are volumes of books, articles, and publications on professional ethics as it applies to the legal practice. However, to understand the general content of ethics in the modern legal practice, it is important to focus narrowly on some of the most recent discourses on ethics. In this respect, the paper will focus on the Model Code developed and administered by the American Bar Association (ABA). Some of the main ethical issues contain the Model Code of client-lawyer relationship, professional integrity, and information management. It is worth noting that the Model Code has undergone various revisions to fit the modern legal practice because the original canons were specifically meant for the legal practice in the past.2 Under professional ethics for practicing lawyers, one of the fundamental principles is the need for a professional and confidential relationship between the lawyer and the client. Under this ethical principle, several issues are covered including confidentiality, fees, conflicts of interest, and professionalism. For instance, it would be considered unethical for a lawyer to engage with a client with whom

LLB Company Law Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

LLB Company Law - Coursework Example In answering the questions of the case, the paper will first present a thorough view of the form of private limited companies in order to advise Emma. She will be told about the advantages and disadvantages of them, and why it should be opted over partnership. The second part of this paper will advise Chris and David on whether they can go against the articles written down in their Articles of Association. If they can, then how they can go about it and if not, then what other options and alternatives they have will be considered. Private limited companies are often compared with either partnership which is one step behind or public limited companies which are a step forward. This means that if there are two or more people starting a company, they can either opt for partnership or a private limited company. They can also form a public limited company directly but it is ideal and normal to move to a plc from a private limited. Companies are usually started as private limited and then are gone public or 'floated' (Bendrey et al, 2004). A private limited company or Ltd. is a form of organization which is a legal entity. It is not only a legal entity but a separate legal entity. This means that company is separate from the shareholders. In other words, the company exists in its own rights and not through the shareholder (Carysforth, 2004). This is further explained as the concept of Limited Liability which will be discussed in detail later. Furthermore, the owners of the company are also the shareholders of the company (Carysforth, 2004). This means that in order to become owners, shares of the company need to be owned. The amount of shares held in the company can change with time and so can the number of shareholders, with no limit to them (Carysforth, 2009). Shares are sold to raise capital in a Ltd. The name suggests that shares are only sold privately and are not listed on the stock exchange. In order for a company to become a private limited company, many different legal requirements have to be met. Each of the points mentioned above will be discussed in more detail in the following sections. Legal Requirements In setting up a private limited company, Emma, Chris and David must understand that there are more legal requirements than partnership and lesser requirements and paperwork than public limited companies. In becoming a private limited company, the following legal requirements have to be met (Carysforth, 2004): A Memorandum of Association which has details about the company - its name, address, owners, liability, activities, objectives, etc - and an Articles of Associations that establishes how the company will be run by the directors must be produced before a company can become a limited one. There must be at least two people starting the company. In the case of this salon, this requirement is met because there are three partners. However, what is important to understand is that each owner must own shares. They can also add more people as owners by selling shares to them. The specifications which also include the Articles and Memorandum of Associations must be registered with the Registrar of Companies. The Registrar ensures the complete formation

Horror Film and Halloween Essay Example for Free

Horror Film and Halloween Essay Halloween is the one time of year when it okay to dress up as anything you want to be and it’s also when you can be celebrating all things horror and dead. Halloween started out as the celebration of the dead but has now grown into a wonderful time of costumes and decoration of scary fictional creatures. Dressing up as a scary character or a character you adore is one of the many perks of Halloween. Going to costume parties with friends and celebrating Halloween together. Watching horror movies and television specials about Halloween is exciting and it feels like more the holiday mood. Halloween is a celebration of the horror genre, dressing up and enjoying this holiday with people. Costumes are very important when it comes to celebrating Halloween. Children enjoy going out on Halloween and trick-or-treating with their costumes to celebrate (Halloween). For an older and mature get together some adults enjoy going to costume parties with their peers. In the olden days it was typical for costumes to be scary but nowadays people tend to dress up as their favourite pop star or a favourite character from a movie. Costumes are enjoyed by many people to be something scary or someone they admire. Going to a party or throwing a party is always expected to done during Halloween. This holiday celebration is enjoyed by everyone in certain countries. Many people attend a Halloween party to enjoy the costume their friends are wearing. The snacks and drinks are shaped and decorated as creepy creatures for the effects of Halloween. Even the music is themed to make the effects to feel realistic. People are attracted to Halloween and going to parties and enjoying it with friends is one of the many perks of this holiday. Enjoying the Halloween and getting into the spirit of this holiday makes it more enjoyable. The Halloween episode of a favourite T.V. shows really adds effects to the enjoyment of the season. This celebration is mostly about the mood of being scared and watching a lot of horror movies. The media has a huge influence on Halloween from movies, television specials and even themed music. Halloween is celebrated widely in certain countries. Halloween is a wonderful and exciting celebration made up by traditions and is enjoyed in certain countries. People enjoy dressing up as a favourite fictional character or someone real like a favourite role model. Going to parties and enjoying your costumes and celebrating this holiday with your friends. Most media like T.V shows will often make special episode for Halloween. People are attracted to Halloween because it is a unique Holiday that celebrates the dead.

Organism Adaptions over Time

Organism Adaptions over Time An adaptation is a feature that is very commonly seen in a specific population because it provides some improved functionality. Adaptations are well suited to their pertaining function and are made by natural selection. Evolution is the actual process of when some organisms change their form over a long period of time to adapt to certain environment that they live in, to be able to defend themselves against other animals like predators, to camouflage or sometimes for no scientifically explained reason. This essay will be discussing specific organisms on Earth that have evolved to be able to adapt to their living conditions and how and why their changes had happened. The first organism that is going to be discussed is the actually the Polar Bear. This is more of a basic example of what evolution is like and has a really valid and scientifically proven reason. The Polar bear had originated from the Brown bear. This happened when some Brown bears were separated from their pack when traveling and they had to adapt to the cold environment they were left in. Eventually the weaker ones had died and the stronger bears learn to adapt to their environment and eventually their fur would turn white. The whiteness in their fur would help with them camouflaging in the snow and ice that surrounded them to protect and hide them from predators and and keep them warm from the freezing temperatures. The second organism that will be discussed is actual the whole species of the whale. The whale has undergone major changes and phases of evolution. The original ancestors of whales are actually terrestrial animals. Scientists believe that whales evolved from animals like wolves which as we all know, were land animals who walked on all fours. The reason behind this change is due to changing land masses overtime. The textures and risings and fall of the lands on Earth due to earthquakes is what caused this change for wolves to develop fins and flippers and eventually turn into whales, of course taking many lifetimes for this to happen. Another organism on planet Earth that has undergone evolution is actually the cactus. I will be discussing how once leafy and normal plants became a cactus. It is known that actually the Pereskia, a genus which contained seventeen species of leafy shrubs and trees is where the first known sights of cactus development began and how plants made this change to adjust to the dry environment that some of them lived in. Since it was so dry and rain ever hardly made its way to the plants they began to change their structure to be able to contain water within them to drink off of and survive. This is a really good example of an organism evolving because it shows the cause and effect of how and why it made its change and the pricks on the outer side of the cactus to also protect it from other animals that may want to feed of the cactus such as birds, lizards and insects. The fourth example of an organism on Earth developing its evolution for adaption is the lizard known as the skink. This animal actually, within its embryo within its egg has somehow learned to give itself another layer of calcium on its body. This was done by the minerals within the sand that it was surrounded by in the beaches it used to and still thrives in. This was done so once hatched it would be able to get used to its sandy environment and be able to use this calcium to gain the vitamins and nutrients it needs as ian infant to survive. The skink still remains as a really thriving species of lizard in modern day and this is because of the calcium it hadÂÂ   absorbed when it was young. The fifth and final example of an evolution taking place for the sole purpose of adaptation of an organism that is actually currently evolving as speak and this organism is known as. As we all know climate change is currently upon us and the Tawny Owl from Finland is what I am talking about. This owl is actually varying in colors. There are three different types of colors for this owl, brown and pale grey. The pale grey owls have learned to survive within the winter time because they can easily blend in with some of the snow sides of their habitat but as for the browner owls they had a hard time with this. But thanks to climate change, survival is on their side, the species has been evolving itself and more specifically, the grey owls have been dying. The brown owls can now blend into anything brown, which is a common color of branches that are visible on hotter days. Survival of the fittest is what was called for and the brown Tawny owl is the definition of that. All five examples are provided with cause of adaption and an extra introduction which was not required was provided to provide a general and more clear idea of what will be discussed.

Economics :: essays research papers

Economics The study of economics is helpful in several ways . Some of these I will comment on . First of all , technology levels affect a societies economy , so by learning what products are produced and how they are produced , you can see how technologically advanced a society is . By examining where the produced goods are sent/used you can get a better idea of what type of government the society is run by . By studying an economy and seeing how the economy uses resources , you can learn what resources the society controls and which ones the society needs . Tied in with this factor of resources you can get an idea of which countries have leverage over other countries . An economist how a society or government meets the needs and wants of the populace , either through production or commerce . Economists see the world as a) profitable b) unprofitable c) and they see opportunity costs . By viewing the world in such a manner they are able to help in the decision making involved with money and industry . They can help to save money , resources , labor, and time . Microeconomics is the study of an overall economy . In studying microeconomics you study a wider range of services , productions , exchanges . While not as discriminate as macroeconomics , you can get a broader picture and grasp the basic concepts of an economy . Macroeconomics studies the study a single aspect of an economy , lets say the mining of coal . You don't research the delivery , the ‘market' ; all you study is the actual mining process . While this may be more limited in scale , you can learn more about that specific process . You don't see the whole picture but you can find the specifics on that subject . Personally I don't think that the physiocrats theory would work . I think that if we tried to follow there theory and have the government abstain from interference , many of the smaller businesses would quickly be closed down . I think that a great many monopolies would be created and we would have the ‘ railroad barons' problem that we had in the 20th century . I feel that the government is hindering at many times , and still they seem to be helpful in some areas . The business that I chose to depict was the custodial division at Chico State University . Both of my parents work there so I chose this area of

Regulation of Conception in Moores How Essay -- Moore How

Regulation of Conception in Moore's How  Ã‚      Lorrie Moore's "How" takes an active stand on love and relationships.   It strongly and clearly rests on the values and ideas that our society holds on the concepts of partnership among a man and woman.   Moore formatted the narrative in such a way that it commands the reader's dependency upon the author's words, makes inevitable foreshadow, and specifically directs our views into the story.   By using the cultural analysis, one will find ways and evidence that assisted Moore in successfully achieving these previously listed.   Those aspects that will be covered include the exterior and interior structure of the narrative, how it sets our views and expectations of the aspects of love and relationships, how that potentially influences our personal thoughts, goals, and actions, how the narrative changes focus, perception, and sympathy on each character, and how the author used allusion to help the reader create visualization.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In "How," the title itself has the reader to automatically look into the story line for information and insight instead of entertainment.   This alone, gives the author the upperhand and ability to feed her ideas into our own.   Like other "how to" texts, off hand, the writer is looked to with much creditability which in turn causes us to absorb and believe more of its context.   Furthermore, "How" is written in a step by step pattern where each thought, action, and time frame is easy to follow and understand.   Moore also uses the word "will" often to state a command.   Within the narrative, Moore states and describes the progression and passage of time.   The events that take place in a relationship are foreshadowed and an inevitability is portrayed.   Also, t... ...ions were relevant to either actual singers, actors, music, or musicals.   Moore made several reference to the violin (991). The violin is closely associated with death.   Theses allusions were made with the female character's fantasies of a funeral and nightmares of her own downfall. Other allusions made were that of Dorothy (992) in the "Wizard of Oz," James Cagney (988 and 991), Ozzie and Harriet (987), Hank Williams (993), Coriolanus (988), and Robert Goulet (989).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "How" is a powerful piece in its ability to catch its reader and directly challenge or influence their ideas.   The format commanded, foreshadowed, and focused on many aspects of love and relationships. Moore specifically directed our attention throughout the narrative.   However, she ended with some freedom for the reader to make their own conclusion and develop their own opinions of the text. Regulation of Conception in Moore's How Essay -- Moore How Regulation of Conception in Moore's How  Ã‚      Lorrie Moore's "How" takes an active stand on love and relationships.   It strongly and clearly rests on the values and ideas that our society holds on the concepts of partnership among a man and woman.   Moore formatted the narrative in such a way that it commands the reader's dependency upon the author's words, makes inevitable foreshadow, and specifically directs our views into the story.   By using the cultural analysis, one will find ways and evidence that assisted Moore in successfully achieving these previously listed.   Those aspects that will be covered include the exterior and interior structure of the narrative, how it sets our views and expectations of the aspects of love and relationships, how that potentially influences our personal thoughts, goals, and actions, how the narrative changes focus, perception, and sympathy on each character, and how the author used allusion to help the reader create visualization.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In "How," the title itself has the reader to automatically look into the story line for information and insight instead of entertainment.   This alone, gives the author the upperhand and ability to feed her ideas into our own.   Like other "how to" texts, off hand, the writer is looked to with much creditability which in turn causes us to absorb and believe more of its context.   Furthermore, "How" is written in a step by step pattern where each thought, action, and time frame is easy to follow and understand.   Moore also uses the word "will" often to state a command.   Within the narrative, Moore states and describes the progression and passage of time.   The events that take place in a relationship are foreshadowed and an inevitability is portrayed.   Also, t... ...ions were relevant to either actual singers, actors, music, or musicals.   Moore made several reference to the violin (991). The violin is closely associated with death.   Theses allusions were made with the female character's fantasies of a funeral and nightmares of her own downfall. Other allusions made were that of Dorothy (992) in the "Wizard of Oz," James Cagney (988 and 991), Ozzie and Harriet (987), Hank Williams (993), Coriolanus (988), and Robert Goulet (989).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "How" is a powerful piece in its ability to catch its reader and directly challenge or influence their ideas.   The format commanded, foreshadowed, and focused on many aspects of love and relationships. Moore specifically directed our attention throughout the narrative.   However, she ended with some freedom for the reader to make their own conclusion and develop their own opinions of the text.

To what extent did Fascist governments rely on fear to stay in power 1933 – 1939?

On January 30th 1933, Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany. By the mid 1930's he was almost in complete control of Germany and had created a one-party state. The Nazis maintained power from 1933-1939 not only because of fear but because of a combination of reasons. Their consolidation of power played a vital role as did their large lack of opposition and also their popular policies that appealed to a wide band of Germans. After being appointed chancellor of Germany, Hitler found himself in a very weak position. Out of the twelve ministers in the cabinet only two were members of the Nazis. Also, the Nazis did not control a majority of the Reichstag; they had only gained 33% in the November 1932 elections. And finally, President Hindenburg who had appointed Hitler as Chancellor could dismiss him at any time. The Nazis relied on terror considerably to maintain their regime. The Gestapo were the official secret police of Germany; they were in charge of denunciations. They taught German citizens to spy on their neighbours and report anything that seemed â€Å"unusual†. The Gestapo would act even if there was no valid evidence. They could arrest anyone they wished and even send them to concentration camps. This made many Germans fear the Gestapo. The SS were a protective squadron for the Nazis. They were able to keep â€Å"special prisoners† under â€Å"protective custody†. Thousands of Germans were sent to concentration camps. The SS also acted as prison officers at concentration camps, effectively running them. The SS were used to take charge of the programme of genocide against the Jews. Throughout Germany, many people were afraid that the persecution of the Jews would happen to them. Jewish shops were boycotted, Jews were barred from teaching and following the Nuremburg Laws in 1935, Jews were no longer counted as German citizens. The public now knew how Nazis dealt with â€Å"problems†. Overall, the Nazis created a large atmosphere of fear throughout Germany; this helped them to stay in power as Germans stuck to the rules through fear of punishment and also fear of the general public spying on them. However, there were other reasons for the control of Germans, one of which was the establishment of a Dictatorship. From the very beginning of the regime the Nazis consolidated their power. Less than a month after Hitler's appointment the Reichstag fire took place. On the 27th February 1933, the Reichstag head quarters were burnt down. A Dutch communist called Marinus Van Der Lubbe was given the blame. Hitler exploited this event, claiming it was a communist conspiracy against the state and it was the start of the communist revolution. After this the Decree for the Protection of the People and the State was passed. President Hindenburg believed Hitler's claims of the communist revolution beginning and signed the decree. There were four main terms, the first was to arrest the enemies of the state, the second was to suspend the rights of free speech and assembly, the third was censorship and the final term was the right of the Chancellors to take over the powers of the state in emergencies. The March election of 1933 was neither fair nor free and was also illegal by the standards of parliamentary democracy. The Nazis gained 43. 9% and won 233 seats, this was mainly because the SPD and KPD were banned from participating. Also in March of 1933 the Enabling Act was passed. This gave Hitler the right to act without reference to the Reichstag. Hitler proposed he should be allowed to govern alone for 4 years. This was the first step to Hitler becoming a dictator. In July 1933, Hitler passed a law creating a one party state with the Nazis as the only party in the Reichstag. Ernst Rohm, the leader of the SA was seen as a large threat to Hitler as he had plans to unite the SA and the German army. However, Hitler wanted to keep the army loyal to him and was fearful that Rohm would overthrow him if his plan went ahead. Thus he decided to purge the SA this was called the Night of the Long Knives. The SS shot approximately 400 people, yet only admitted to 77. One of those murdered was Ernst Rohm. This further consolidated Hitler's power and kept the army on his side. In August 1934, President Hindenburg died. Hitler declined the role of President, claiming it would always be associated with the Great War hero Hindenburg. Hitler decided to be known as Fuhrer. By doing this, Hitler avoided limitations on his power by a constitution. Thus, almost two years after being appointed chancellor, Hitler was now Fuhrer of a one-party state, with virtually unlimited political power. This consolidation of power contributed largely to the Nazis staying in power as Hitler was now seen a strong leader, this gained a lot of support. After becoming Fuhrer, Hitler took control of all state and national institutions. This process was known as the Gleichschaltung (Co-ordination). In May 1933, trade unions were banned and replaced by the Nazi Labour Front. In addition, they banned strikes and if anybody opposed they would be dealt with. The Nazis purged the Civil Service and the Police of any opposition; everyone was replaced with loyal Nazis. Furthermore, The German courts were now under political control and had no independence. The Education and Youth organisations provided by the Nazis were regarded as critical. The Hitler youth was created as Hitler wanted the children to continue his supposed 1000 year Reich. All anti-Nazis were fired and all remaining teachers had to join the Nazi teachers' league. Finally, the Catholic Church signed a â€Å"concordat† with the Nazis in June 1933. They agreed that the church would recognise the Nazi regime and the Nazis would not interfere with the churches beliefs and teachings. Overall, the process of Gleichschaltung further consolidated Hitler's power over Germany because he now controlled all of the organisations and institutions. This contributed towards the Nazis staying in power and shows that fear was not the only reason. The Nazis regime existed and was maintained not solely through dictatorship and terror. Many of the Nazis' policies were popular throughout Germany and the regime had a large amount of genuine support from many German people. †¦. WRITE SOMETHING HERE!! Hitler faced no real opposition, this was due to many different reasons. Organised opposition to the Nazis became almost impossible after the one-party state was created. Many Germans were happy to accept Hitler's rule and so there did not oppose as they provided a strong government. Nazi propaganda was extremely effective, the Nazis created the cult of Hitler, this emphasised the superiority of the Germans over other races. Finally, the protestant and catholic churches did not oppose the Nazis mainly because the Nazis had crushed the communists and they did not want to suffer the same fate. Almost all opposition had been demolished; this helped the Nazis stay in power as it prevented anyone from opposing and gave them no rivalry. There is no denying that fear played a central role in Hitler's maintain of power. The consolidation of power and the nazification process created a state which eliminated all possible opposition. The period of 1933-1939 was seen as a success for most Germans; Hitler was seen as responsible for restoring Germany's pride and had dealt with problems holding Germany down. By 1939, Hitler's popularity had increased and most Germans eagerly accepted Hitler, this was mainly due to fear but also due to the way Hitler had restored Germany and brought back respect.