Sources and Forms of Entertainment and Their Impact on Society Essay

In Life the Movie: How Entertainment Conquered Reality, Neal Gabler describes entertainment as having no moral, physical, or mental benefits to the success of society other than bringing temporary happiness. Through forms of entertainment, especially ones created in the last century, this viewpoint is strongly evident. However many forms of entertainment stimulate and progress society. Entertainment brings a greater feeling of happiness and relaxation to individuals of society thus having a positive effect. However the source and form of entertainment chosen to fulfill happiness and relaxation in most instances, determines the positive or negative effect on society. Physical activities create possible the largest source of entertainment for society. From Ice climbing to soccer matches all entertainment of this form has a positive effect on society. From a scientific viewpoint physical activity brings more flow of blood to the brain, thus supplying it with the maximum amount of nutrie nts and oxygen needed for brains growth and health. This process of extra blood flow creates an outstanding separation between student athletes’ and regular students’ high school GPAs. In most schools student athletes average GPAs average almost a full grade point higher than other students’ average. Though, this is not the only advantage to this source of entertainment. Entertainment such as this builds personal characteristics, characteristics such as teamwork, perseverance, effort, and even leadership. From my personal experiences in soccer I have learned how to become a leader while still doing my part on the field, qualities that can help me and any groups I work with in the future. Varies forms of storytelling have been a source for entertainment for as long as human populations have been able to communicate with each other. Sources of entertainment such as fireside stories, performances, and reading are just some examples of this form of entertainment. However, in the past few decades, new technologies especially the television have altered the art of storytelling to mindless, visual and emotional appeal. Before television this form of visual and imaginative entertainment, would usually include life lessons about morals and history or even provide guidance for one’s life. With television being the most common source of entertainment it holds a huge part on the  influences on the people of society today. However shows such as Fear Factor and real world have no positive effect on society. These types of shows have no lessons to be learned and force no physical or mental exercise of the viewer. Entertainment keeps society driving and pushing further. Not only can it offer happiness and a better state of mind, but it can also offer learning opportunities to society. However, source and form of entertainment determines the positive or negative effects of its use. With technology growing at exponential rates concerns arise because of the correlated increases in negative impact entertainment. The idea being, the more we really on technology for everyday tasks, the less capable we become of being a positive part of society. Entertainment needs to stimulate both the mental and physical capabilities of society, it shouldn’t only bring happiness and visual appeals otherwise we will live in a world much like the one in Mikes Judge’s film Idiocracy.

Role of the Learning Mentor

A 2, 500 word assignment which examines the role of the learning mentor and analyses the strategies used in supporting science, evaluating the impact on pupils’ learning. This essay will explore and evaluate the role, the responsibilities and the purpose of the learning mentor. It will highlight and review strategies used in schools today to support children’s education, assisting them to develop skills and achieve their full potential. The learning mentor has a large range of duties which require the ability to encourage social inclusion, collaborate with external agencies for specialist support and expand care to families and carers.Responsibilities also include the contribution to the assessment of pupils, the transition and pastoral care of vulnerable students and to identify and remove barriers to learning that some young people are faced with during their time in education. All of these areas will be considered and analysed. I will thoroughly examine current pract ice, theory and reflect upon my own development. Whilst examining the role of the learning mentor, I will be specifically looking at science and how it is taught and supported in schools today.My aim is to highlight the importance of the learning mentor and the impact they have on a child’s achievement and success. It will also indicate how the learning mentor’s holistic approach builds self confidence, a sense of emotional belonging and overall creates the best conditions for students to flourish academically as well as personally. Consequently, this will allow me to develop and improve my own practice and professional progression in the future. Education has not always recognised the holistic needs and development of children.However, over the years, the education system has seen a considerable amount of changes. It has been revolutionalised, transforming teaching from learning by rote to a multisensory, child centred, personalised education. This is due to many fact ors such as the development of technology, changes in society, values and attitudes, the recognition of children with additional needs and the implementation of learning mentors and support staff. So, when were learning mentors first introduced into schools and why?In 1999, as an out come from the 1997 White Paper, the Excellence in Cities (EiC) initiative was launched by the government to raise standards of attainment and was first piloted in disadvantaged, inner-city schools. As stated in Excellence in Cities: The National Evaluation of a Policy to Raise Standards in Urban Schools 2000-2003 (2005), Britain was in need of ‘inclusive schooling that recognises the different talents of all children and delivers excellence for everyone’. To achieve this objective, EiC implemented a gifted and talented programme, to provide extra support for 5-10 per cent of pupils in each school.Learning Support Units (LSU’s) were also introduced to provide intervention teaching and support programmes for difficult or vulnerable students and learning mentors were created to help students overcome educational or behaviour problems, ensuring that schools were inclusive of all. As highlighted by M. K Smith (1999) schools were able to utilise Learning Mentors for different matters according to their individuality, however the government did set out for the leaning mentor, four main objectives. These core beliefs from EiC are explained in Good Practice Guidelines for Learning Mentors (DFES 2001).Firstly, the learning mentor should have high expectations for every pupil, meeting the needs of all and taking an individualised approach to teaching and learning, ensuring barriers are removed so children can aspire regardless of the difficulties they may come up against. Barriers to opportunities could include family problems, bullying, low self esteem and poor social skills. The learning mentor must also establish good working relationships with pupils, parents, the com munity and other outside agencies.By creating a network, schools are able to work collaboratively to promote diversity, share good teaching practice and enhance performance throughout the area. The role of the learning mentor was not only introduced to improve the progress of low ability students, following a report by J. Freeman in 1998 which investigated research on the teaching and learning of high ability children, the government recognised that ‘provision for the highly able was not satisfactory’ and that children who are gifted and talented ‘have as much of an entitlement to have their needs addressed’ OFSTED (2001).Therefore, learning mentors provide extended learning opportunities to pupils to assure the prevention of a ‘glass ceiling’ that could potentially restrict performance. Besides from the objectives set out by the government, the role of the learning mentor is complex and extensive. Good Practice Guidelines for Learning Mentors (DFES 2001) makes clear that they are disciplinarians, nor classroom assistants. They are an active listener, a role model, a guide who negotiates targets and supports pupils, carers and parents whilst remaining reliable, non judgemental and realistic. R.Rose and M Doveston (2008:145) defines mentoring as ‘learning within a social context’ with learning mentors recognising ‘the necessity to ensure that students feel both comfortable with and in control of the learning process. ’ This social collaboration is clearly influenced by Vygotsky (1962) and his theory of social constructivism. A key point of Vygotskys theory is the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD). As explain by Oakley (2004), the ZPD is the gap between a child’s actual level and the level of which the child could achieve with the guidance from an experienced adult, in this case, the learning mentor.This adult intervention can also be linked to the idea that Bruner put forward, labelling th is type of assistance as ‘scaffolding’. A concept where a more able person provides guidance and support until the learner becomes independent. When evaluating the helping relationship, G. Egan’s theory takes a holistic, person centred approach, resulting in the ability to ‘develop more options in their lives’, Egan (1990:7). The changes brought about by EiC have shaped the way education system is today, with teachers and learning mentors taking on a child centred, holistic, inclusive and personalised approach.In 2006, the Department for Education and Skills published the 2020 vision: report of the Teaching and Learning in 2020 Review presenting a vision to provide pupils with personalised learning offering a more adaptable curriculum. The 2020 vision: report of the Teaching and Learning in 2020 Review (2006:3) points out that ‘When taken as a whole across the education system, in all schools, for all pupils, we think personalising learning has the potential to transform education. ’ The Assessment for Learning Strategy 2008 explains the importance of assessment in education.It aims to ensure every child is aware of their performance and how to improve allowing them to become independent initiators of their own learning and by informing parents and carers of assessment outcomes, children are also supported at home. In schools, assessment for learning happens constantly by teachers, learning mentors, teaching assistant and peers. Examples of formative assessment are precise learning objectives, peer and self assessment and immediate verbal or written feedback. Summative assessment gives a broader view of improvement and uses standardised tests.Assessment is essential for schools to plan the next steps for pupils in order to close the gap in attainment and is vital to effective personalised teaching and learning. In 2008, OFSTED evaluated the impact of assessment for learning on inclusion identifying that it is benef icial to pupils with special educational needs (SEN), providing pupils with the opportunity to discuss, question, explore and review ‘builds an understanding of what success looks like and how to apply skills’ OFSTED (2008:21).Assessment for learning therefore clearly goes hand in hand with personalised learning allowing children, teachers, learning mentors and parents to reflect, evaluate and advance. Subsequently, as indicated by Capel and Gervis (2009: 135) when feedback is given in conjunction with praise, pupils are more motivated to continue to make effort with a positive approach to the activity. Maslow (1970) made this very argument with his hierarchy of needs theory explaining that in order to feel the need to fulfil one’s potential, other needs such as self esteem or love and belonging must be met first. Aspects of Maslow’s theory can also be seen in government frameworks used in schools. Although currently under review, Every Child Matters (2003 ) has five outcomes, areas which are central to the learning mentors work. For example for children to ‘be healthy’, the learning mentor may be involved with setting up breakfast clubs, arrange sporting activities or promote healthy dinners. As for ‘staying safe’ they might organise police visits, implement a listening room or create an anti bullying initiative.For children to ‘enjoy and achieve’ they may perhaps provide one to one intervention to support achievement, have homework clubs and offer assistance for transition. The learning mentor could also arrange community work, school council groups and circle time, giving pupils the opportunity to ‘make a positive contribution’. And to allow children to achieve economic well-being, the learning mentor may possibly organise work experience, seek career advice and work with parents and other outside agencies. As a teaching assistant, my role differs from that of the learning mentor. The responsibitlies of the teaching assistant, although still aim to support pupils to reach their full potential are not as broad at the support offered by a learning mentor and is approached from a somewhat different angle. This is highlighted in a video at teachermedia. co. uk 2 outlining the differences between these two roles. From my experience, teaching assistants are usually classroom based; however work together with teachers and learning mentors to ensure the best type of individual support can be provided for all.With experience of supporting and teaching the national curriculum in year 3, I have observed the learning and development of many children. One subject which always usually requires a range of support strategies is science. Science is not just the teaching of facts and theories. As stated in the report, Primary Science (2003), teaching science equips pupils with indispensable skills that are transferable throughout different parts of the curriculum. The report e xplains how the main aim of primary science is to ‘stimulate pupil’s curiosity in the world around them and encourage critical and creative thinking’ (2003:1).The National Curriculum (1999) sets out the statutory programme of study for science, the four main areas of teaching are, life processes and living things, physical processes, materials and their properties and scientific enquiry. For pupils to achieve in science there is a balance needed between teaching factual knowledge and the skills of scientific enquiry. For example, students must be given the opportunity to address questions scientifically, plan and carrying out experiments, build on previous knowledge and interests, evaluate and discuss ideas.The teaching of science is essential as it promotes learning across the curriculum including spiritual, moral, social and cultural development, key skills, thinking skills, communication, application of number, working with others and information technology. à ¢â‚¬ËœSuccessful Science’, a report by OFSTED (2011) found that the impact of good teaching could be seen when more practical science lessons were taught, when pupils were involved in peer and self-evaluation and when the pupils were given the opportunity to develop the skills of scientific enquiry by taking part in decision-making, discussion and research.Teaching was seen to be more engaging when the science that they were learning about had relevance to their lives and experiences. When I was asked to plan and teach block of lessons on magnets to a group of middle ability year 3 children, it was important to take into account many factors. How much science motivates children? What teaching strategies and theories to use? Would it need to be differentiated and how could I ensure progress had been made? The plan involved a range of multisensory activities such as testing magnetic materials around the school, finding the strongest magnet, watching videos, labelling the irecti ons of force. Such activities were tailored for multiple intelligences, Gardner (1983) and also exercised both right and left brain skills ensuring the engagement and motivation of both boys and girls, Cheminais (2008). The lessons had clear, precise learning objectives as research shows that this works as classical conditioning, the action of providing a lesson objective will result in the learner’s response in knowing what to expect to learn, Gange and Medker (1996). Theories that influenced the teaching strategies used include both constructivists and social constructivist teaching.For example, for the pupils to develop their scientific enquiry skills, the activities were designed to allow them to construct their own learning through experiences. This meant that by planning and carrying out an experiment to find the strongest magnets, the students gained the knowledge that the strongest magnet is not always the largest magnet. Alfrey (2003) explains that Piaget thought tha t children have to assemble their own comprehension and ‘assimilate’ from such experiences, creating mental structures called ‘schemas’.Piagetian theory views the role of the adult as someone who is to provide a rich, stimulating environment for children to naturally discover, explore and actively build their own schemas through stage appropriate activities and tasks that will eventually support assimilation and accommodation. Some aspects of social constructivist teaching methods were used in the lesson, for instance the pupils were collaboratively seeking answers, and they shared their ideas, had group discussion and developed their listening skills.During the session the children asked lots of questions, this again showed just how involved the children were and how they were actively seeking answers and explanations. Talking Science Pedagogy (2008) summarises five teaching models used in science. Direct interactive teaching was used in the lessons when t he magnets were first introduced to the children. Scientific vocabulary was taught such as north and south pole, magnetic field, attracts and repel.When the children learnt that opposites attract and the same repel, we used girls and boys to create an analogy in order to help them to picture it. During the lesson some issues did arise that could have potentially affect learning. The children had their own presumptions about magnets which lead to misconceptions. To identify these, the students were asked to discuss what they already knew about magnets, and then create a mind map with the findings. These included, ‘they stick to stuff’, ‘they stick to anything metal’ and ‘big magnets are strongest’. .

A Natural Solution

Natural solution For many people cancer is a fearful word. Because cancer causes pain and harmful consequences, humans do not want cancer to be part of their lives. Like cancer, marijuana is another word that humans are worried about. In most cases, cannabis is abused and causes problems for people abusing cannabis. The attitudes towards these two words are similar, but they are not. Adult stem cells are natural solutions. They exist naturally in our body and they provide a natural repair mechanism to many organizations in our body. They belong to the adult microenvironment and embryonic stem cells belong to the early embryonic microenvironment, not adult, and they often cause tumor and immune system reactions. Most importantly, adult stem cells have been successfully used for the treatment of humans for many years. So far, embryonic stem cells have not been successfully used for human therapy. On the other hand, new therapies using adult stem cells have been developed. Embryos for c ardiac repair and adult stem cells are an active area of ​​research. Many cells including adult bone marrow derived cells including embryonic stem (ES) cells, cardiac stem cells naturally present in the heart, myoblast cells (muscle stem cells), tissue mesenchymal cells (bone marrow derived cells, these cells) Stem cell muscle, bone, tendon, ligament and adipose tissue, endothelial progenitor cells (producing endothelial cells, endovascular layer) and umbilical cord blood cells serve as a potential source for regenerating damaged cardiac tissue Have been studied. All of these have been investigated in mouse and rat models, and some are being tested with larger animal models such as pigs. Fortunately, bed wetting problems have natural solutions and medical solutions. With years of research and experience, today's medical professionals can provide a complete solution to overcome bedwetting. Natural treatments are more relevant to efforts to create and repair bad toilet h abits, but drugs reduce the amount of urine produced from the body at the time of taking. Bedwetting is directly related to moisture consumption. The more people consuming moisture, the more likely he will wet the bed. This is a problem that directly affects health. In order to suppress the wetting of the bed people prefer to consume a small amount of water as their body reached dehydratable condition. Problems such as dry throat, yellow urine, urine smell started to occur, patient health began to decline further. The doctor always advises people to drink water before going to bed. A Natural Solution Natural solution For many people cancer is a fearful word. Because cancer causes pain and harmful consequences, humans do not want cancer to be part of their lives. Like cancer, marijuana is another word that humans are worried about. In most cases, cannabis is abused and causes problems for people abusing cannabis. The attitudes towards these two words are similar, but they are not. Adult stem cells are natural solutions. They exist naturally in our body and they provide a natural repair mechanism to many organizations in our body. They belong to the adult microenvironment and embryonic stem cells belong to the early embryonic microenvironment, not adult, and they often cause tumor and immune system reactions. Most importantly, adult stem cells have been successfully used for the treatment of humans for many years. So far, embryonic stem cells have not been successfully used for human therapy. On the other hand, new therapies using adult stem cells have been developed. Embryos for c ardiac repair and adult stem cells are an active area of ​​research. Many cells including adult bone marrow derived cells including embryonic stem (ES) cells, cardiac stem cells naturally present in the heart, myoblast cells (muscle stem cells), tissue mesenchymal cells (bone marrow derived cells, these cells) Stem cell muscle, bone, tendon, ligament and adipose tissue, endothelial progenitor cells (producing endothelial cells, endovascular layer) and umbilical cord blood cells serve as a potential source for regenerating damaged cardiac tissue Have been studied. All of these have been investigated in mouse and rat models, and some are being tested with larger animal models such as pigs. Fortunately, bed wetting problems have natural solutions and medical solutions. With years of research and experience, today's medical professionals can provide a complete solution to overcome bedwetting. Natural treatments are more relevant to efforts to create and repair bad toilet h abits, but drugs reduce the amount of urine produced from the body at the time of taking. Bedwetting is directly related to moisture consumption. The more people consuming moisture, the more likely he will wet the bed. This is a problem that directly affects health. In order to suppress the wetting of the bed people prefer to consume a small amount of water as their body reached dehydratable condition. Problems such as dry throat, yellow urine, urine smell started to occur, patient health began to decline further. The doctor always advises people to drink water before going to bed.

The Application for the Use of Computer, the Processor as a Brain of Research Paper

The Application for the Use of Computer, the Processor as a Brain of Computer - Research Paper Example   The traditional disc drive has been experiencing a transition to the solid-state drive (SSD) system, as they have become more dense and lower cost. The application and use that the computer will be used for will determine the physical layout of the motherboard as well as the technical requirements. Desktop computers are usually configured with a motherboard that accepts plug-in cards for ease of expansion and reconfiguration. This makes it possible to install more video memory, higher quality sound cards, or take advantage of newer and more current standards, as they are made available. For example, wireless network cards can be installed that allows the user to communicate with a wireless network or hub. Motherboards that are designed for laptops usually have less capability for expansion due to the limitation of space considerations. A motherboard in a laptop will have all the associated circuitry required integrated into the design of the board. Whether the board is to be used in a desktop or a laptop, certain features and circuitry will reside on the motherboard. Each board is designed to accommodate a particular microprocessor and the board will have a socket and the necessary driver circuitry for it. The board will have the appropriate crystals and clock circuits that are needed to drive the processor at the required speed. Random access memory and the electronics it takes to move data between the processor and memory will also reside on the motherboard. The mass storage device in a computer has traditionally been a disc drive, but recent innovations have seen a move towards SSDs.  

The developments the electronic TV Technology- only write my part in Essay

The developments the electronic TV Technology- only write my part in this essy which is (How it's work) - Essay Example Srivastava (2009) states that an LCD display is possible when opposite polarized glass are placed on both sides of a crystal. The liquid crystals are split into small parts which are known as pixels; pixels can be considered as the smallest unit of screen resolution. Kondolojy states in one his articles that these pixels have the same features as the liquid crystals. The have an alternating behaviour in allowing the light to pass through them. The crystal molecules are activated or deactivated on the screen on the basis of the image that is to be generated. LCD TV Reviews UK (2009) explains that the front screen which is made of glass is imprinted with a grid. This facilitates the alternating behavior of the crystal molecules between activation and deactivation. Crystal molecules do not emit light therefore a system has to be put in to do the job. A backlight system provides the necessary light to the molecules which is required to produce an picture on the screen. LCD TV Reviews UK (2009) explains that there are three backlight systems that are commonly used in LCD TVs; EL system (Electro Luminescent), CCFL system (Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp) and LED system (Light Emitting Diode). TopBits.com describes the process and states that when a picture is required to be displayed on the screen of the LCD TV, electric current is allowed to be passed through the crystal molecules. The amount of electric current corresponds to the intensity of the colours required for each pixel. A unique feature of the crystal molecules is that they act as shutters and allow only specific amount of light to pass through them. If there is a requirement of a dark picture on the screen then the molecules will prevent light from going out of them. In the same way, lighter picture will make the molecules emit corresponding amount of light. Tyson states that due to the variation in the emitting of the light, the output on the screen will be exactly similar to the input

Promoting Positive Health Behaviors Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Promoting Positive Health Behaviors - Article Example Summary of Every Woman Matters Program The Every Woman Matters Program (EWM) was designed to promote preventive healthcare service to females. The specific preventive healthcare strategies aimed at were improved screening of breast and cervical cancer. To this end, the program targeted healthcare providers with an aim of promoting practice change in their operations. Consequently, the EWM program utilized the GAPS model procedure to device interventions within the healthcare provider practice (Backer et al. 2005). These interventions would be targeted at removing obstacles towards preventive breast and cervical cancer. As a result, the achievable goals set were; to increase public awareness pertaining to the risk of breast and cervical cancer. Moreover, it aimed to increase awareness on the benefits of screening. Furthermore, the program aimed at reducing the cost of screening to low income females. The practice based interventions employed were based on case studies conducted with s even individual practices. The core aims of the practice intervention were to; aid the practices identify obstacles pertaining to the delivery of screening services. Second, was to aid the practices in creating plans for mitigation of the barriers. Third was to promote the services of the EWM program to females from low incomes. Despite these well articulated goals, the EWM program fell short of achieving its core objective. Reasons for Ineffectiveness of the EWM Program The overall aim of the EWM program was to increase the level of breast and cervical cancer screening among healthcare practices. However, the program was not effective in achieving its objective due to myriad of reasons. Foremost, the practice change method for promoting EWM program lacked the sufficient support and leadership role by the leaders in the healthcare providers. The successful implementation of the goals for promoting preventive healthcare for women requires the motivational factor and sense of leadersh ip from heads of practices. Consequently, the program was ineffective since the momentum for promoting the program was not spearheaded by some of the leaders across the practices. A second plausible reason for the failure of the program was the insufficient level of teamwork between support staff and leader of the respective practices. Consequently, the lack of synergy in implementing the EWM program resulted in the over burdening of either the support staff or leaders. Third pertains to the issue of disparities in resources among the various healthcare practices. The healthcare practices all had different amounts of resources available to them based on their organizational capacities. Furthermore, the health care practices were operating within the limits of their resources. Consequently, additional resources for the EWM program were not sufficiently explored within the action plans for each healthcare practice. The fourth reason for the ineffectiveness of the EWM program was the i nsufficient public awareness creation mechanism pertaining to the need for screening. The need for successful increase in screening of breast and cervical cancer requires sufficient and mandatory public awareness. Consequently, the program was ineffective owing to insufficient efforts aimed at promoting community outreach through a variety of media such as increased free testing clinics and radio programs. Characteristics of

Markets Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Markets - Coursework Example The latter performs the process of lending after purchasing securities from the market instead of directly giving out loans. These include insurance companies, investment trusts, pension funds, mutual funds and so on. The major outcome of financial intermediaries is to ensure that at all times there is a steady flow of funds, including cash, which moves smoothly from the surplus units to the deficit units. This in turn will result in regular investments to boast the economy and help support the growth of activities in the market in general. By doing so the ideal funds will be utilized in the best way, which otherwise would have generated only a marginal interest. Financial intermediaries who match the lender with the borrower help both by reducing their transaction costs. They also provide in-depth information to their clients to provide them with the best available source of investing their money. Information costs are substantially costs are reduced for both parties, namely the len der and the borrower, since they don’t have to spend resources from their own end to dig out extensive information. Hence, it is not surprising to know that in United States alone roughly 24.4% of firm investment was financed through bank loans that were taken from 1970 – 1985. (Gorton & Winton, 2002) This proves that bank loans (financial intermediaries) are the primary source of external financing globally no matter whether it is a developing or a developed country. Therefore, one can state that ‘financial intermediation is the root institution in the savings-investment process’. (Gorton & Winton, 2002) An outcome of this is that a large number of individuals and firms come together to make this happen, so that in case if one party fails to give a loan, another is available to support that. The huge pool ensures a constant availability of both capital and expertise which is available for all. The whole process can be summed up as ‘a value-creating economic process.’ (Scholtens & Wensveen, 2003) It can be concluded that financial intermediaries are not only providing a place for investors to borrow from, rather their role is more diverse and comprehensive. They are constantly and actively working to offer products that an individual investor can barely provide to a saver. This is the advantage of ‘cover for risk’, the basic reason behind why every saver will trust in a financial intermediary. Question 2 Stock markets all around the globe are the ideal modes of generating funds for businesses or companies that want to fulfill their capital requirements. It provides a very comprehensive way for investors to choose from a variety of stocks that best suit their needs (mainly risk and return). Any investor can select his own set of stocks of as many companies as he like and create a portfolio to reduce his risk in the market. One of the major roles of stock markets in the financial system is to provide the featu re of liquidity. This means that an investor can at any given time trade his security for cash when the market is operating. (Rohit, 2008) The incentive offered by this feature makes it a very promising driver of growth in an economy. The amount of trade or activity going on

Research paper Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Research paper - Literature review Example 2)Preschool children refer to children that are on their early childhood education. It usually occurs to children before they are at a position of joining primary school. Though the ages may slightly vary, most of the preschool children are usually between the age of three and six years. This research examines pupils in this level of education for the prevalence of dental carries. 3)Early childhood carries refers to a kind of tooth decay that occurs to children that are in their first five years of growth after birth. Children can develop this condition in their infancy, either as toddlers or as preschoolers (Kail 2011, p.2). 4)Primary maxillary anterior teeth refer to the deciduous teeth that develop during infancy of which it comprises of the canines as well as the central and lateral incisors. These teeth are found on the front side. 5)Dentition refers to the teeth development from infancy to adulthood and the subsequent arrangement of the teeth in the mouth of an individual. It traverses from the arrangement of the teeth in the mouth, the kind, and the number of each type present in the mouth. 7)Cavitation refers to the presence of a cavity in a given tissue or an organ (Merriam-Webster 2014, p.1). In our context of research, it entails the formation of tooth cavities specifically touching on children teeth. 11)Sample frame refers to all the components present in a sampling area from where the sample will be obtained from. The sample frame can be made up of a variety of components, all of which helps in getting the data required by a researcher. 12)Dental examination deals with an analysis of the situation of the teeth in order to identify any potential anomalies that may require to be corrected. It is one of the requirements for good oral health. The research paper by Rahul, June, and Alan, Socio-Behavioral

Delinquent youth subculture (Gangs) Research Paper

Delinquent youth subculture (Gangs) - Research Paper Example Rubel, these youth gang members mostly comprised of Mexicans who had migrated to the region of United States and may have developed a gang due to their difficult lives in America (Rubel, 1965). It has even been recorded that gangs started surfacing in major regions of United States such as New York during the period of 1800s when the Industrial Revolution was gaining pace (Franzese, 2006). As industrialization started to spread throughout the United States and attracted more and more immigrant populations, increase in number of gangs was witnessed in larger metropolitan areas such as Chicago (Franzese, 2006). The United States has witnessed an upsurge in the number of gangs and the gang members especially during the periods in which huge number of immigrant populations has travelled to the United States. Gangs have even emerged as a result of hostile activities that have been carried out against the ethnic groups they represent. In early periods of 1900s, Chicago witnessed an increas e in the number of African American gangs and gang members as a result of the hostilities they were facing at the hands of the White American gang members (Franzese, 2006). Later during the period of 1950s the African American gangs started becoming prominent on the streets of the Western regions of the United States (Franzese, 2006). These gang members could easily be witnessed in the regions where mostly those families resided that did not have access to proper economic opportunities. The Southern regions of the United States were the last in the race to experience the issue of gang related activity. Gang activity in these regions emerged and escalated between the periods of 1980s and 1990s (Franzese, 2006). Gang members and related activities are quite prevalent in the United States even in the years of 21st century. According to 2011 National Gang Threat Assessment, more than 1.4 million individuals are working with different gangs of United States and can be witnessed on the

Law of property Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Law of property - Essay Example For instance, Section 1 of the law identifies legal estates and equitable interests, while section 37 of the law identifies the rights of a husband and wife in regard to acquisition of properties (Clarke and Kohler, 2005). This paper focuses on analyzing the right of ownership of a real property, between cohabiting couples. On this basis, it is important to distinguish between real property and personal property. The following are the differences that exists between real and personal properties (Ferguson, Buck and Wright, 2004) , Real estate properties can be owned in a limited capacity, while there is no way an individual can own a personal property in a limited capacity. Upon the death of the owner of real property, the next owner is the heir of the property. In regard to personal property, the statute of distribution guards the manner in which property passes on to another individual. In entering a contract that involves real property, it must be in writing. This is because these contracts are governed by section 29 of the Statute of Frauds. Contracts involving personal property do not need to be in writing. Parties to the contract will only write the contractual agreement if the case falls under section 17 of the Statute of Frauds. Some provisions of the Mortmain act govern the transfer of real property, for purposes of protecting immediate family members from disinheritance. However, the Mortmain act does not regulate any activities of personal property, only if Chattels are involved. It is not a requirement to register mortgages under real property; however, mortgages under personal property must be registered. Basing on this background, there is extensive argument in the United Kingdom on the relevance of various property laws in the country that protects cohabiting couples. For instance on January 23RD, Lord Justice Toulson allowed Pamela Curran to appeal a decision by a county court in 2010 of stripping her rights of sharing the properties she accumula ted with Brian Collins. According to the judge, the property laws that regulate the sharing of properties by cohabiting couples in the United Kingdom were unfair to cohabiting couples (Ward, 2013). According to this case, Miss Curran had a relationship with Brian Collins from 1970s, to 2010 when the relationship came to an end. Miss Curran worked together with Brian in his business, and they lived together in his home. However, after the relationship ended, Mr. Collins threw her out of his house, leaving her penniless. However, Lord Judge Toulson denoted that the county court just applied the law (Ward, 2013). In 2007, the Law Commission in England made a recommendation for the government to change the cohabiting laws in England, so that couples cohabiting will have the same status as married couples. According to the commission, the government should create laws that provide for financial relief to cohabiting couples when they separate. According to the commission, these laws shoul d reflect the contributions of the couples in the relationship (Halsbury, 2011). They further recommend that the couples, who should benefit from the laws, are those who have lived together for a minimum period of time, and have children together. According to their recommendations, couples might gain relief from these laws, if they have a written agreement on how they will share their properties once they separate (Toler, 2012). In 2008, the government of UK said it had no intention of

Narrative (fiction) texts Essay Example for Free

Narrative (fiction) texts Essay Children should be able to distinguish narrative texts from expository ones. For a child to be familiar with each type of text means to possess sound communicational, analytical, reading, and writing skills. DQ 14 It is critical that children are able to distinguish expository texts from narrative works of writing. Generally, there are several features which make narrative and expository texts different from each other. Narrative (fiction) texts are filled with numerous sensory details. Personal experience is not a rare subject of fiction stories. Fiction literary works are usually told from a first person’s view. In many instances, the author of a fiction story will refer to personal interpretation of events and phenomena by using â€Å"I† or â€Å"we† pronouns. Expository (non-fiction) texts are primarily aimed at informing, explaining, or persuading the reader. Expository texts are not colored with emotions, being written from a non-personal (often neutrally objective) viewpoint, and carrying no sensory details. Expository texts are never written in the first person (Vacca, 1999). Children should be able to differentiate expository texts from narrative literary works. Children need these skills to read and interpret texts, to be able to search and analyze the required information, to choose a correct writing style according to the specific writing needs and circumstances (Vacca, 1999). The process of education requires using either expository or narrative information as the source of knowledge on various curriculum subjects. To understand the meaning of a word, to communicate with audiences, to acquire new information, and to use this information to achieve personal goals, children need to possess sound knowledge on what a fiction, and what a non-fiction text is. The five examples of fiction books: Louis Ehlert’s Red Leaf, Yellow Leaf; Mary Hoffman’s Amazing Grace; Jerry Stanley’s Children on the Dust Bowl; Harriette Gillem Robinet’s Children of the Fire; Marya Dasef’s Tales of a Texas Boy. The five examples of non-fiction books: DK Publishing’s Children’s History of the 20th century; Delia Ray’s A Nation Torn: The Story of How the Civil War Began; Anne Millard’s Pyramids; Aliki’s Communication; Russell Freedman’s Children of the Wild West. References Vacca, R. T. (1999). Content area reading: Literacy and learning across the curriculum. New York: Longman.

Young Goodman Brown by Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay Example for Free

Young Goodman Brown by Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay This chapter looks at Young Goodman Brown from the perspective of the female characters. Baym notes that the protagonists, usually male, reject any sexual relationship with a woman, ordinarily the wife or fiancee (136). Usually, the rejection has a fatal effect on the scorned woman. Baym notes that stories written before 1842 have a female character who is destroyed only by accident not by intention. She notes that Browns departure from Faith was not an intentional act since Brown actually planned on returning to her after the forest trip. But Baym believes that the very act of the man leaving the woman shows the males indifference to the security of their female counterparts. Baym sees the women as being sexual beings and men as sexually frozen (138). She advises that mans lack of sexual desire is what truly kills the woman and allows the man to continue living in a hollow life. Baym quickly assures her readers that her comments do not reflect the real nature of women but about the way in which men imagine them (138). She suggests that Hawthornes men are obsessed with females but the only way they can make any connection with women is through fantasy. Coleman, Arthur. Hawthornes Pragmatic Fantasies. This article looks at the role of fantasy in many of Hawthornes works. There is a very small section devoted to Young Goodman Brown. In general, Coleman focuses on Hawthornes use of fantastic, eerie settings. Young Goodman Brown works as both reality and fantasy because of the distressed mind of Brown which could lead him to imagine bizarre events. Hawthornes question at the end of the story keeps the wondrous events within a sensible realm (362). Easterly, Joan Elizabeth. Lachrymal Imagery in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown. Joan Easterly claims in her article that Goodman Brown is a changed man after his experience in the woods. She notes that Hawthorne demonstrates how Brown, a Puritan, fails the test of his moral and spiritual being. Easterly points out that Brown does not cry after realizing what he has witnessed at the witches commune. By not crying or realizing his inner emotions, Brown cannot progress morally or spiritually. This explains the symbolism that Hawthorne uses throughout the work. For example, the cold drops from the hanging twig as Brown awakes are not a Christian baptism since the water does not sprinkle on his head like in most Christian baptisms (340). The dewdrops represent, according to Easterly, the reproval of Brown and his own wickedness. Browns lack of tears shows that he has no pity or compassion for the witches and therefore he cannot be a true Christian himself. Easterly concludes that Young Goodman Brown is emotionally sterile compared with the emotionally charged witches meeting. Hardt, John S. Doubts in the American Garden: Three Cases of Paradisal Skepticism Three works are discussed in this article: Rip Van Winkle, Young Goodman Brown, and The Fall of the House of Usher. In all of the works, the main characters enter natural or edenic settings only to meet with evil forces. Hardt terms this paradisal skepticism or a retreat from the paradisal ideal with a recognition of limits in human knowledge (249). Most critics characterize these works as portraits of the American experience but instead of man moving from ignorance to knowledge, man accepts that he is not capable of knowing everything. In the section on Young Goodman Brown, Hardt writes that the woods were once the Garden of Eden but have since been contaminated by the serpent (the old man) who is now in control of the wilderness. Browns departure from faith, both literally and figuratively, is a trip towards uncertainty where his knowledge will be tested. Hawthorne allows gaps between what Brown actually sees with his eyes and what he perceives like the serpent-like form of the old mans staff. Hardt advises that both Brown and the narrator have limited knowledge in that neither can decipher whether the witches communion was real or imagined. He concludes by noting that the only true knowledge that Goodman Brown gains after his experience is that he cannot know everything and he does not know everything. Browns lack of certainties affect him as he leaves the forest and begins to question the motives of all of the familiar townspeople. Shear, Walter. Cultural Fate and Social Freedom in Three American Short Stories. Young Goodman Brown, like James The Jolly Corner and Irvings Rip Van Winkle, has a triptych structure. In the first portion, the main character is seen in a detached state from his normal environment. The second section takes the character to an unfamiliar surrounding with bizarre happenings. The last section returns the character to his normal surroundings but in an altered state where the protagonist returns to a different relationship between himself and society. Shear notes two effects produced by this arrangement which are a fast flow into past and present that accents the great space between public and private histories and that history is good for the individual (543). As Goodman Brown leaves Faith, he becomes an individual psychologically. His departure from his wife is not only a symbolic loss of faith, but it is also his leaving behind conventional belief (545). In the woods, Browns religion is absent; therefore the familiar woods are nightmarish. He must struggle with the people in the woods in order to hold on to his morals and values. It is him against society and he is betrayed by that very society. At the end, Goodman Brown leaves the fantasy and returns to normal society. He is more aware of himself and of his relationship with other members of society. Shear says that Brown represents the unstable Puritanism as it decreases in its religious conviction and becomes somewhat hypocritical (547). Browns revulsion of his wife and community represents his own need to psychologically repress his reasons for taking the first step into the forest. Waggoner compares Poes Roderick Usher with Goodman Brown. He says that the difference between the two centers on real morbidity and real health (25). Browns secret guilt leads him into isolation since he becomes bitter because he had been given over to the evil in the world by actively participating in it (92). There is very little overt action and the plot usually consist of some type of journey. Also Waggoner advises that Browns fall from grace is less fortunate than the falls of other Hawthornes protagonists. Browns fall begins when he loses faith in the Puritan principles. From being an Innocent, he became a Cynic and so was lost because he could not accept the world as it really is (210). Williamson, James L. Young Goodman Brown: Hawthornes Devil in Manuscript. Studies in Short Fiction 18 (1981): 155-162. Williamson begins the article by commenting on Hawthornes definition of a good author. He advises that Hawthorne deemed the best writers as those with a little devil in them. Williamson comments on Hawthornes critique of women writers where Hawthorne says, Generally women write like emasculated men; but when they throw off the restraints of decency, and come before the public stark naked, as it were,- then their books are sure to possess character and value (155). Hawthorne means that writers should shed old conventions/traditions in order to write a good story. Williamson compares a main character, Oberon, in The Devil in Manuscript, who gives himself to the devil with Goodman Brown who does not give himself to the devil. Williamson suggests that in Young Goodman Brown there is a connection between the writer and the devil and the writer/speaker is actually a member of the devils party. He writes also that Brown actually meets with three devils: the old man, Goody Cloyse, and the speaker. The speaker is the devil in the manuscript in that he has the ability to make Brown and the reader perceive devilish qualities of the other characters. The often satiric tone of the speaker also hints at his devil-like qualities. This article focuses on works by Sarah Orne Jewett, A White Heron, and Nathaniel Hawthorne, Young Goodman Brown. Zanger discusses the centrality of both stories on New England life. Both stories work well together as Jewetts story carries on the theme of Young Goodman Brown .The structural elements, as well, of both stories are similar. Zanger notes that both protagonists leave at sunset, quickly meet mysterious strangers and then accept the evil givings of the tempter or villian. Both characters revert from their intentions. In Hawthornes story, Brown cries to Faith to resist the evil and in Jewetts story, Sylvy refuses to tell the hunter where the heron nests. Zanger notes that each story ends in deliberate ambiguity (349). In Browns case, Hawthorne leaves the reader questionning whether Browns experience was real or fantasy. He also questions whether Browns cry to refuse the evil was of any value since his life after the woods remains desolate. There are some differences also between the two works that Zanger notes. For example, Jewetts wilderness is real' (350). Hawthorne does not go into detail about the animals in the forest unlike Jewett who specifically describes each one. Also, Jewetts forest is not clouded with evil undertones like the one that Goodman Brown enters. In relation to the individual characters, Brown begins his journey by choice as opposed to Sylvy who feels compelled to find the home of the heron. Zanger refers to Brown as one of the straw men who never questions the devils provocations. He also notes that Brown finally resists the devil based on fear, not faith (354). Zanger accepts the existing conclusion that, in light of the numerous similarities and differences, Jewett wrote A White Heron as a response to Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown.

Introduction To The Malaysian Film Industry Media Essay

Introduction To The Malaysian Film Industry Media Essay The Malaysian film industry has always been trying to reach their way to the top in matching the standards of creating a successful movie. Nowadays, we see most people now are much prefers watching foreign movies rather than watching local movies. It is certain that our local films are still way far behind. The author wills doing research about finding ways to develop local movies. During the researches also will to identify the weaknesses of producing a movie and know how to improve it. Objectives The main objective of this research is to bring out the answer to the question about how to develop of our local movies. So we will know whether the local movies will be more preferable than foreign movies in the future. Introduction The research conduct research via the general public in the form of a questionnaire, interview, observation and this data will help evaluate whether can locate what is missing in local filmmaking. Four methods were used in collecting data throughout the research. First the author had gathered information through distributing questionnaire to public in Limkokwing University, GSC cinema at Alamanda and also Jaya Jusco near Equine. The reason why the author selected those areas is because the people around there are mostly students, families and working adults which of them are mainly part of the film spectator. Target audience This topic of research is mainly target to young generations to working adults, from the ages from 18 to 50 years old .This research is essentially to understand how the development improves the form of common ways of producing. Also to understand what the target audiences really like, what they know about, and want they would want for local movies to look like. Primary Research Interview feedback summary Questionnaire Feedback Summary The data has been collected in from questionnaire from different locations within several age and groups for the survey. The author ,distributed questionnaire to 50 respondents. The areas covered were Limkokwing University Library and SMK Cyberjaya, MPH City Square Johor Bharu. The reason why author selected these area because the people around there are mostly people using either digital or print media for educational or information. Another reason is these place are point people find book and they are come from different background,these area always crowded with all kind of people and with all different age group moving around. Most of all they have time to answer my few questions regarding author concern about which media is more prefer either print or digital on media publications. 1. General Information 4. How many times do you buy newspapers for a week? The chart shows, the percentage of how many times people buy newspaper for a week, the purpose of this question was to know if people still bought print media or only prefer digital media to find news.48 %only sometimes bought the newspapers, only during weekend.36 % bought newspaper everyday, this group in government workers.16 % not at all bought the newspapers, this group come from student and professionals. The authors opinion student and professional are the group always online. Theyre prefer read online news. When is the last time you bought a book or a magazine? The author want to know frequently people bought print media such as a book or a magazine.46% did buy last week. Last month bought print media make 38%.16% did not remember when last time bought print media stuff. They still bought book or a magazine even technology especially internet will got lot information. In general, what do your prefer subscribe a Digital PDF or buy printed books and magazines? The author needs to know which media the people prefer now days either subscribe Digital PDF, buy printed books and magazines or both. Most of them 44% choose both.30% prefer buy printed books and magazines and 26% prefer digital PDF such as CD, e-book. Depend on what content they will bought especially for educational people prefer digital compare magazine their still like print media. Do you prefer media (internet, mobile, etc) or print media (newspaper, magazine, etc) for your reading material? The author discovered which audience prefer for reading material either print media or digital media. The busy life today make 64 % people prefers Digital media, only 36 %t still prefer print media for reading material. The author add, technology also change people read common reading material. If Digital media, why? From the survey, why people choose digital media for reading material the author found majority 31 % agreed digital media are an effective, interactive features and updated.22 % choose because an effective,28% because an interactive features attract their choose digital media and 19% because the updated information. Most people choose all features digital media provide because of the feature will help them when using digital media. If Print media, why? From the survey, why people choose print media for reading material the author found majority 56% agreed print media because of credibility, loyal readerships and long life span. 22% chosen because of long life span, 11 percent because loyal readerships and long life span. What are your expectations for the future about print media? In recent years there has been a growing trend people using digital media. The author tried to find from this question how their expectation about print media in future. The 66% expect print media not available in future. Only 34% still want print media available. Do a digital media play a part in your everyday life? The purpose author asked this question to find influenced digital media in their everyday life.82% agree digital media play a part in your everyday life. Communications is important today. Internet and mobile phone almost help in their life, especially deliver information. Only 18% not agree. This part also show a trend of the older group and young group gap. Nowadays is digital media more effective compare print media. Do you agree? In above chart 62 % of audience agree digital media more effective compare 16% not agree. Others 22% not sure either digital or print media. In author opinions why people agree this statement nowadays because the features of digital media much help people compare print media. In future, which media will help you better in keeping your daily notes, appointments or reminder? In daily lives media one medium will help to keeping your daily notes, appointment or reminder. The author looking from the survey, in future 54% people believe digital media will help their more better compare 14% still think print media it better. But 12% want both to help them later in future. This show that there is definitely a trend for digital becoming in future. Which media do you prefer for sharing information today? You may tick more than one? The pie cart indicated percentages which media prefer for sharing information, from the survey 23 percentages using text messaging. Then the author found people using mobile phone and chatting using internet to share information each same percentage is 22.15 percentages using forum to sharing information using discussion in forum. Whereas 11 percentages using email and small percentage 7 using others. More than half from the survey using internet to sharing information. The trends show people now move to digital media. Self Observation The author had decided to do observation on what occurs at the cinema. The cinema was at GSC Tropicana City. Upon arrival, the author went straight to the top floor right where the cinema is  ­and saw a huge crowd of people lining up their queue to buy tickets and another line was at the snacks counter. A lot of movies that were screening sold very fast could see numbers being reduced until 0. The night was quite packed with people mostly on weekends and it was Saturday that time. The author wouldnt have to worry because of already booked it earlier from the internet which was much easier than to wait in the line. The GSC has their own website and people can make reservations through online. The cinema looked very stylish now than since it was first opened. The tickets normally priced around RM6-15 according to types of seats and class of cinema. There are 8 cinema halls here and people can proceed inside the moment the light indicator within each number starts to blink. Public Observation When the author asked certain people about any local movies they dont quite respond fully for what it seems that its not really matter to them. They feel of the Malay movies is just trying playing it safe. It is irregular for certain people to go to the cinema just to watch any of the local movies nowadays. As lot people are really willing to see something new and not most of the Malay movies came up with a fulfilling storyline. Sometimes it also doesnt have the originality anymore for what theyre trying to sell. The acting and the story would be what everyone is always expecting to see. Friends usually tend to spread the news as they watch a trailer. One of the main sources for trailers is YouTube, a useful site to find and watch videos. Eventually everyone nowadays will know what they would like to watch from many source found in the internet. For finding a place to watch a movie can also be located from the newspapers as it is a daily reading source for information. Show times can be found there and are listed by any nearest local cinemas. People dont regularly go alone. They think what would be more enjoyable watching movies at the cinema is when they brought along some friends to watch together. It could be a comedy movie, thriller and even action packed movie. But almost all Malaysian people havent feel satisfied yet because of not having a lot Malaysian movies produced year by year. I just keep feeling like trying to compete on those foreign movies me and every other people regularly watch. The last time I watch Malay movie at cinema was on the 2008, a movie called Sumolah. I found good acts by the local actors such as Afdlin Shauki, Review on the positive and negative side of the movie. It was a good movie with a lot of effort and budgets that were put. I get to see Malaysian actors speak Japanese if I were not mista ken. They also get the chance to acknowledge the art of Sumo fighting and had a bit of comedy too. Maybe some of the filmmakers would not likely take a bigger risk that is why the production of a movie for each year becomes slower. Anyways, I am certain that we are still in progress of building up and Im sure one day we can all be proud to see greater screening from our own Malaysian itself in time. Literature Review PRINT VS DIGITAL: THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON MEDIA PUBLICATION In this stage, the author will cover secondary research from books and internet. Lately the technologies are moving faster and increase in various fields. It will change our lifestyle, as well the hot topics always debate which better print or digital media. In a survey conducted by Ofcom(2006) In every country surveyed, broadband usage appears linked to a decline in conventional television viewing. On average around one-third of consumers with broadband access said they watch less television since going online. Conversely, internet access appears to have a positive effect on radio listening, offsetting a decline in hours spent listening to conventional broadcast radio. On secondary research, the areas author will cover in this chapter are The future of book No one has asked the customers whether they prefer print materials or electronic media or other sources. Print publications should be changed into a form of digital media. The Future of Book Whether individuals express preference or aversion toward e-books, there are multiple reasons related to lifestyle preferences, as well as personal views on technologies, learning methods, and pleasure reading (Nielsen 2008) Based on the quote above, there are lot reasons why people toward reading e-books compare book. The problem with the e-book and traditional book debate is that e-books have evolved but common perceptions of them have not. E-book produce with bonus and you will get information that usually doesnt come with a book. For example such links will also make books No one has asked the customers whether they prefer print materials or electronic Media or other sources much easier to discover, by helping searchengines. As discussed by online magazine The from as link structures develop around books, search algorithms can count incoming links as votes, giving more weight to incoming links from much-cited places and less to obscure ones. The (offline) citation culture of academic literature already works this way. (The future of book: Mixed Media 2007 p.27). Other advantages reading e-book are involves learning through visual aspects. Embedded videos in e-books will might benefit to people with good visual memory. Figure 1: Book of Future Source: (diamondheadz.files.wordpress.com 2007) Now lifestyle more to digital life. We can see anywhere people online, everyone had digital stuff like mobile phone, PDA, ipod, computer. Technology allows to do many things, anywhere and anytime As mentioned by Rita(2008) in book.com forum, People who read e-books are typically electronics junkies. My point is they ALREADY have the device and its doing double or even triple duty already. Heres an interesting tidbit. E-books can be read on whatever the reader has on hand. For example computer, a PDA, a Blackberry or Palm Pilot even a phone. Rita (2008) added that In Japan, where people commute for long periods each day, sales of mobile-phone novels books that you download and read in instalments on the screen of your cell phone have jumped from nothing five years ago to over  ¥10 billion ($82m) a year today. In a interview by Joanna (2009) with Michael Pastore, he said E-BOOK give us the latest available information. Ebooks of the future, like software, will be featured with an option for automatic updates. So, for example, you can buy the 1.0 edition of my e-book about e-kamus, and if you turn on your update now button, you get a newer e-kamus edition with more new words or information, and a list of changes and additions. After all of the information collected please stop worrying about is it e-book will replace traditional book or not. We should be grateful with e-book can add new experience for learning or reading material. In fast increasing technology will help people make it everything fast. Authors opinion in future e-book will be efficient suitable to all generation, they feel comfortable use e-book. No One Has Asked The Customers Whether They Prefer Print Materials or Electronic Media Many marketers are pushing their customers toward electronic statements, e-newsletters, bills, and transactional statements as a green move, but in reality, it has more to do with economics. But while pushing e-communications as greener, has anyone bothered to ask what customers how they feel about it? (Tolliver-Nigro 2009) Based on the quote, the author try to find out either people fine with digital media or still stick with digital media. Perspective ( inspiredeconomist.com 2007) from business site on the survey it found that, while 71% of respondents always open email containing a monthly bill, this jumped to 92% of consumers who received statements by mail. Likewise, while 60% always open an email containing a bank statement, this jumps to 83% when the bank statement comes in the mail. Other researches the author sure people prefer digital because the number of people who read newspapers and magazines is growing. Of course, with few exceptions that growth is all digital. Take one example Pontin (2009) said Between 14 million and 22 million read nytimes.com every month; the print circulation of the weekday Times is just one million. In all, on any day, 32 million Americans read their news online. Those numbers suggest contented customers. Mainstream media in electronic publishing are good business. Figure 2: Chart of age group Source: (http://www.deathofprint.co.uk 2008) The young generation more prefer digital media compare print media, see the figure 2 from the BBC report the chart show there seems to be a generation gap in the use of or viewing of online and mobile video. It found that viewing of online video was popular among the 16-24 age group but the viewing of online video decreased as the age groups got older. In author opinions general trend the percentage of those age groups watching online video falls as the age gets older, it does rise again in him 65+ age group, a possible theory on this could be the fact that in general people of this age group have more time on their hands than some of the other age groups. The author opinions the trend of digital media becoming part of everyday life, people lives are now ingrained with technology from birth meaning that a lot of people especially the younger generation are very technologically savvy meaning that they are keeping up with the technological change. Print Publication Should Be Changed Into A Form of Digital Media Digital publication of e-books and electronic articles, and the development of digital libraries and catalogues are include in E-Publishing. Electronic (Jose 1999 p.5) publishing has become common in scientific publishing where it has been argued that peer-reviewed paper scientific journals are in the process of being replaced by electronic publishing. The author also knew that although distribution via the Internet (also known as online publishing or web publishing when in the form of a website) as well as technical and reference publications relied on by mobile users and others without reliable and high speed access to a network. The advantages of electronic publishing are speed and integration. Jose (1999 , p.12) highlighted that the speed of distribution just the beginning. He added electronic publishing also gives publisher and readers more flexible management of the publications they are create. Nowdays the readers who are spending increasing daily hours online with or without having access to the digital version of your publication. Other (Jose 1999, p.6) benefits of print to digital publications are state by embedding video and interstitial ads, tracking the number of readers unique and repeat, growing your online ad inventory by serving IAB standard ads within and outside the digital publication pages, capturing user view and interaction data such as page views, clicks unique and repeat ,the ability to instantly share the E-magazine with friends or colleagues. The phenomenally low cost of publishing a digital magazine may be the knockout punch in the triumph of digital version over print version. Print publications have character digital publications may be the future (Hicks 2009). Hicks(2009) he also supported that Yes, but the print magazines have a certain endearing quality about them. For example a print magazine is finite, you can read it cover to cover. Hicks (2009) also added The vibrant colors are, in most cases, better than screen resolution of a laptop or a PC monitor. In fact there is an entire set of reader behaviours such as tearing out articles, dog-ears to mark pages, flipping the pages to scan the pictures and headlines etc. that continue to define the strong if dwindling relationship between the print publications and its readers. Flipping pages, for example, can be much quicker than going to as many web pages on a site, not to overlook the fact that you must be online. It is an example how you can do try print media changed into a form of digital media. This is probably simple step. Hickss (2009)mention once you have an account all it takes is to follow 3 easy steps: Upload the PDF; Configure your digital publication example provide a short description and select features you would like to enable; Click CONVERT. It takes just minutes and you will have a URL for your digital publication which you can forward to your friends, colleagues or just embed in your emails or website The authors opinion it digital publication no only easy step, also a lot advantages when print publication change to that. According (Hicks 2009) this is begin with the readers who are spending increasing daily hours online with or without having access to the digital version of your publication. CONCLUSION For many years the technology will changes common print publication to digital media. Technology will continue to develop digital publication. Yes, today young generation prefer use digital media compare print. As we have seen from the evidence in this research, there is certainly a trend towards the use of digital media, especially in everyday life. This however seems to be coming as a generalization from the younger age groups. The evidence of this is in the questionnaire and public observation the author done. The author achieve the objective to find out whether digital media will replace print media for future. Depend on situation, this may be different in the future digital media in general is still relatively expensive meaning people such as the poor will not be able to access digital media as well as traditional media where televisions can be bought relatively cheaply and where newspapers are cheap to read compared with the cost of buying a computer and having to pay for the cost of an internet connection every month. Based on the author did literature review,a lot advantages and disadvantages digital media in future. Hicks(2009) he also supported that Yes, but the print magazines have a certain endearing quality about them. For example a print magazine is finite, you can read it cover to cover. Hicks (2009) also added The vibrant colors are, in most cases, better than screen resolution of a laptop or a PC monitor. In fact there is an entire set of reader behaviours such as tearing out articles, dog-ears to mark pages, flipping the pages to scan the pictures and headlines etc. that continue to define the strong if dwindling relationship between the print publications and its readers. Overall research the author came to conclusion based on the information gathered from doing interviews,distributed questionnaire as well doing self and public observation. Conclusion from the author is technology make publication toward digital over print and more young people prefer it. The author agree in future digital media will replace print media. As we have seen from the evidence in this research the digital media spreading fast because of today digital gadget are devices are been introduced to help the audience to save time and got information easier. Also helper audience updated information. For example e-book have many benefits over simple printed material as common book. REFERENCES Books Jose, S 1998, Electronic Publishing Guide, Macmillan Computer Publishing USA. Internet Hickss, J 2009, Why every print publication should also be a digital publication. Retrieved October 7 2009 from http://education.ezineseeker.com/why-every-print-publication-should-also-be-a-digital-publication-3a455d42ce.html Nielsen, E 2008, The Future of Books: Mixed Media and Multiple Intelligences. Retrieved October 5 2009 from http://education.ezineseeker.com/the-future-of-books-mixed-media-and-multiple-intelligences-13b392b625.htmlhttp://education.ezineseeker.com/the-future-of-books-mixed-media-and-multiple-intelligences-13b392b625.html Tolliver-Nigro, H 2009. Print vs. Electronic Media: Has Anyone Asked Customers What THEY Prefer?Retrieved October 5 2009 http://inspiredeconomist.com/2009/09/20/print-vs-electronic-media-has-anyone-asked-customers-what-they-prefer/ Images Book Of Future [Image]2007. Retrieved October 5 2009 from http://diamondheadz.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/the-future-of-books.jpg Death of print [Image]2008 .Retrieved October 5 2009 from http://www.deathofprint.co.uk/digitalife.html Bibliography Daniel T.(2009 ) News has a bright future [Internet].Available from http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-10196386-93.html.[Accessed 10 September 2009] Ed C,Paul DS,Michael G,David R .(2000) Print versus Electronic Media: The threat to newspapers and Newsprint[Internet]. Available from http://www.sric-bi.com/DF/oldMFsummaries/PrintToC.shtm.[Accessed 10 September 2009] J D. (2005) Digital versus print media [Internet].Available from http://www.iproceed.com/blog [Accessed 1 September 2009] Jeff V.(2007) The Digital Media Revolution: Chaos, or a Nesw Order? [Internet]. Available from http://www.visioncritical.com/2009/10/the-digital-media-revolution-chaos-or-a-new-order .[Accessed 10 September 2009]. Lithospheres Print Production Process [Internet]. Available from http://www.lithosphere.co.uk/content/process.htm [Accessed 3 October 2009] Scoot L.(2008) .No News is Bad News: The Future of Print Media[Internet]. Available from http://www.psfk.com/2008/12/no-news-is-bad-news-the-future-of-print-media.html [Accessed 25 September 2009] Scott K.( 2008).Future Of Digital Media: Perfecting Existing Technologies For People On The Web[Internet].Available from http://publishing2.com/2008/01/15/future-of-digital-media-perfecting-existing-technologies-for-people-on-the-web [Accessed 25 September]. Video: Bright future for print media? [Internet]. Available from http://vodpod.com/watch/1835455-video-bright-future-for-print-media [Accessed 15 September 2009] Video:Future Of Paper and Print Media in Digital Online World [Internet]. Available from http://www.howcast.com/videos/21071-Future-Of-Paper-and-Print-Media-in-Digital-Online-World.[Accessed 15 September 2009]

Coexistence of Contrary States in Blake’s The Tyger Essay -- Blake Tyg

Coexistence of Contrary States in Blake’s The Tyger Since the two hundred years that William Blake has composed his seminal poem "The Tyger", critics and readers alike have attempted to interpret its burning question - "Did he who made the Lamb make thee?" Perhaps best embodying the spirit of Blake’s Songs of Experience, the tiger is the poetic counterpart to the Lamb of Innocence from Blake’s previous work, Songs of Innocence. Manifest in "The Tyger" is the key to understanding its identity and man’s conception of God, while ultimately serving to confront the reader with a powerful source of sublimity which reveals insight on Blake’s ideal union and coexistence of the two contrary states. The most significant underlying ideology of William Blake’s poetry is his essential psychomachia - the "contrary states", as Blake himself calls them. The work in which "The Tyger" and "The Lamb" appear distinctly states Blake’s purpose in a preface: "Shewing the two contrary states of the human soul." In "The Lamb", a basic question and an answer are given. The poem is a catechism (Miner 62). The simplistic and comfortable resolution purposely has no doubt or ambiguity surrounding its initial message of love, tranquility, Jesus Christ, and above all, innocence. The speaker sees God in terms he can understand - gentle and kind and very much like us (Reinhart 25). A tremendous void is clearly apparent. The poem’s straightforwardness leaves the reader with a discomforting feeling of the need for a more sophisticated perspective on the relationship between maker and humanity. This instinctual need for a contrary state gives birth to the tiger. The tiger’s imagery is astonishingly vivid. The beast "burning bright" with "fire" indicates ... ...d the Age of Revolution. New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1965. Erdman, David V. "Blake: The Historical Approach." William Blake. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1985. Miner, Paul. "’The Tyger’: Genesis & Evolution in the Poetry of William Blake." Rpt. in Poetry Criticism. Ed. Jane Kelly Kosek. Vol. 12. Detroit: Gale Research Inc., 1995. 59-64. Natoli, Joseph. "William Blake." Notable Poets. Ed. G.E. Bentley. New York: Gale Research Inc., 1995. 79-95. Paley, Morton. "Tyger of Wrath." Twentieth Century Interpretations of Songs of Innocence and of Experience. Ed. Morton D. Paley. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1969. 68-92 Raine, Kathleen. William Blake. London: Longmans, Green and Co. Ltd., 1969. Reinhart, Charles. "William Blake." DLB. Ed. John R. Greenfield. Detroit: Gale Research Inc., 1990. Vol. 93. 23-25.

High School Exit Exams :: Argumentative Persuasive Education Essays

High School Exit Exams Exit Exams are an unfair way of determining whether a student should or should not receive his or her diploma. Most students work very hard throughout high school to receive good grades. This should be enough to determine whether a student should pass high school. There are many intelligent students which do not have good test taking skills, exit exams keep many good students from graduating and teachers have to narrow their lesson plans for these types of exit exams. These are all good reasons why exit exams should not be required in graduating from high school. When it comes to test taking, some students do not know how to remain calm. Many times when students fail a test it was not because they did not understand the material on the test, it is because students do not contain good test taking skills. Taking a test can be very nerve wrecking and uncomfortable. A student from Paris (texas) High School said, "some people get testaphobia, I passed my math classes with flying colors, but I get to that TAAS test and my mind's like a blank, I have no idea why." (Kunen 62). TExas is one of the 22 states that requires a high school exit exam like the TAAS test. Every year many students are kept from graduating high school because of these exit exams. This makes students and parents very angry. Students who have had high passing grades throughout high school do not understand why they cannot pass exit exams. Sometimes the student blames him or herself by thinking that he or she did not learn enough, when in fact there is nothing wrong without heir knowledge. These students do not realize that they lack good test taking skills. Parents are angry that their child was kept from graduating because of a single test, even though the child had all the he credits required. This situation occurred to Lee Hicks, another student from Paris (texas) High School. Had he lived 14 miles away in Oklahoma, which has no statewide exit test, he'd have received a diploma and would now be serving his country in the Navy. Instead Hicks severs customers in a Paris supermarket; he won management's Aggressive Hospitality Award for 1996. "He's a great employ ee, a bright young man--extremely hardworking," says store director, Larry Legg.

Milan Kunderas The Unbearable Lightness of Being Essay -- Milan Kunde

Milan Kundera's The Unbearable Lightness of Being The themes of dominance and dehumanization are inextricably entwined throughout history and, therefore, literature. Milan Kundera addresses this concept in his novel, The Unbearable Lightness of Being, by describing the Russian invasion of Czechoslovakia and its communistic influence on his characters, the interrelations of these characters, as well as its implications in a small excerpt on man's presumed dominance over other creatures. This last passage ties together the mechanization of people with that of animals, showing that the citizens of communist Czechoslovakia are expected to become no more than chattel. The physical invasion of Czechoslovakia by Russia is manifested within the novel by the affect its communist regime has on the native inhabitants of, in this case, Prague. Czech citizens were told that, for their benefit, they must assume solidarity and remove distinctiveness from among them. Czech beliefs were dominated by Russian idealism and individuals were mechanized by a desire for uniformity. This theme is woven throughout the novel, depicted in forms inseparable from the characters and Kundera's sporadic autobiographical insights. Throughout the novel, Kundera uses the concepts of people being mechanized by communism and animals being mechanized by people. ?Mechanical? is a term that refers to that which is automatic, involuntary, emotionless, and unthinking. The actual application of communism, as opposed to its theoretical intentions, lends itself to this unconscious acceptance and conformity. The men and women of Prague will be forced to take an apathetic approach to individuality, career, society, religion and especially politics. Like machi... ...? (289). Ideally, man would show mercy to his fellow human being instead of constantly trying to gain power over him. Russia?s invasion of Czechoslovakia is an exertion of power, a claim of dominance over the will of another country. Its dehumanization of the inhabitants of Czechoslovakia directly correlates to man?s assumption of power over animals. Superiority is a presumed right, justified less by truth than by man?s will to justify. The images Kundera uses to illustrate the invasion of Czechoslovakia are both stark and revealing. They are images of concentration camps, naked uniformity, dominance over dependent creatures, and mechanical humans and animals alike. Tomas?s conquests and Tereza?s dreams are manifestations of a country in a struggle for its independence. With these characters, Kundera humanizes the essentially inhumane concept of communism.

In the Letter from Charles Lamb to English Romantic Poet

In the letter from Charles Lamb to English romantic poet William Wordsworth, Charles sends a very kind invitation into Cumberland to William. I am asked to analyze the techniques the author (William) uses to decline Charles’s invitation. The author is trying to inform Charles Lamb that he will not be able to accept the invitation by using mainly persuasion, exposition, Pathos argument, Figurative speech, some description, compliments and past memories to inform Charles that he can not accept the invitation. The author starts by telling Charles that he is honored by the invitation by the quote, â€Å"With you and your Sister I could gang anywhere. † He then gives the bad new that he can not accept the invitation, â€Å"But I am afraid whether I shall ever be able to afford so desperate a Journey. † Therefore the author gives a compliment before giving the bad news to Charles. The quote, â€Å"The rooms where I was born†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. When I have sunned myself, my old school, -these are my mistresses. The author uses Figurative speech and persuasion to try and change Charles point of view on why he (William) cannot accept the invitation, the author tries to persuade him that he cannot go not because he doesn’t want to, but because he can’t. The quote, â€Å"Your sun & moon and skies and hills & lakes affect me no more, or scarcely come to me in more venerable characters, than as a gilded room with tapestry and tapers, where I might live with handsome visible objects†, shows that the author used personification and figurative speech. Another technique the author uses is Exposition, the author informs, explains, and clarifies his/her ideas and thoughts. The author uses Exposition in the quote, â€Å"Separate from the pleasure of your company, I don't much care if I never see a mountain in my life. I have passed all my days in London, until I have formed as many and intense local attachments, as any of your Mountaineers can have done with dead nature†, by writing to Charles that he cannot go because he has lived almost his whole life in London and made many local attachments that he cannot leave behind. The author writes descriptions of places and people like tradesmen and costumers and the lighted shops to explain that all those are his memories and only home, he uses Pathos argument and Descriptive writing along with past memories in the quote, â€Å"The Lighted shops of the Strand and Fleet Street, the innumerable trades, tradesmen and customers†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. all these things work themselves into my mind and feed me without a power of satiating me. Through Pathos argument the author uses vivid description, Emotional tone like in the quote,† and I often shed tears in the motley Strand from fullness of joy at so much Life†, so the Charles can experience what the writer experiences. In conclusion the author’s purpose is to inform Charles that he would be honored to go to Cumberland, but cannot because London is his home. He uses many techniques such as persuasion, pathos argument and exposition.

Chapter 21 Hermione’s Secret

awful business shocking miracle n iodin of them died neer perceive the carry despatch by th infra, it was friendly you were t here(predicate), Snape convey you, look.Order of Merlin, Second Class, Id say. for the first term Class, if I endure wangle itThank you actu on the wholey actually much indeed, g each(prenominal) overnwork forcet minister.Nasty bowdlerise youve got on that point pitch blacknessnesss work, I suppose?As a matter of fact, it was Potter, Weasley, and Granger, MinisterNo pitch-black had bewitched them, I sawing machine it immediately. A Confundus Charm, to judge by their deport custodyt. They retardmed to turn ein truthplace in that respect was a possibility he was innocent. They werent responsible for their actions. On the former(a)wise plenty, their hang-up might realize permitted d sustain in the m bulgeh to consort They obviously cerebration they were issue to glamour Black single- throwed. Theyve got a mode with a crackin g deal in the first place with f every(prenominal) turn discover delay Im app bothed its featuren them a rather broad(prenominal) opinion of themselves and of course Potter has endlessly been allowed an extraordinary amount of license by the full arrestmaster Ah, qualifyingspring, Snape nettle Potter, you go to bed weve all got a bit of a guile spot where hes c at at superstar convictionrned.And yet is it dear(p) for him to be given so much peculiar(a) shine up toment? Personally, I try and treat him homogeneous whatso incessantly opposite student. And whatsoever another(prenominal) student would be hang up at the actually(prenominal) least for tip his friends into such danger. Con lieur, Minister over against all cultivate rules after all the precautions seat in place for his protection turn come forbidden of the closet-of-bounds, at night, consorting with a werewolf and a besidescherer and I moderate reason to believe he has been visiting Hogsmeade il stagecoachally to a fault Well, well we s house follow disclose, Snape, we s mansion house slang The boy has undoubtedly been oral sexless. chevy lay comprehending with his look tight shut. He tangle very groggy. The in supposeigence informations he was percolateing come overmed to be traveling very slowly from his ears to his brain, so that it was difficult to liquidate a line. His limbs felt care lead his eyelids in any case heavy to gussy up. He precious to lie here, on this comfort equal to(p) bed, forever.What amazes me most is the behavior of the Dementors youve rightfully no creative gaugeer what do them retreat, Snape?No, Minister by the term I had come round they were guideing blanket to their positions at the entrances.Extraordinary. And yet Black, and vex, and the girl All unconscious mind by the while I touch oned them. I bound and gagged Black, naturally, conju inflamed stretchers, and brought them all straight sustain to the strong put up. on that point was a pause. chivys brain key placemed to be moving a unfore potfulful faster, and as it did, a gnawing sensition grew in the caries of his stomach.He undetermined his look.Every amour was rough blurred. Somebody had re walk protruded his glasses. He was fable in the murky hospital wing. At the very end of the defend, he could introduce come forth skirt Pomfrey with her rear end to him, flex over a bed. set upon squinted. Rons red hair was visible beneath madam Pomfreys arm. beset roleplayd his head over on the pillow. In the bed to his s gobble upful lay Hermione. Moonlight was falling crosswise her bed. Her eyes were render too. She looked petrified, and when she saw that nettle was energise, pressed a finger to her lips, thusly pointed to the hospital wing gate. It was ajar, and the voices of Cornelius besiege and Snape were glide slope finished it from the corridor stunnedside. bird Pomfrey flat came walking briskly up the darkening ward to desolates bed. He rancid to took at her. She was carrying the largest close up of chocolate he had ever giben in his animation. It looked like a undersize boulder.Ah, youre awake she express briskly. She placed the chocolate on arouses bedside table and entreatan jailbreak it apart with a small hammer.Hows Ron? say live at and Hermione to sither.Hell live, verbalize Madam Pomfrey grimly. As for you two, youll be staying here until Im satisfied youre Potter, what do you c erstwhileptualise youre doing? chafe was sitting up, institutionalizeting his glasses choke absent on, and picking up his nightstick.I motivating to recognize the headmaster, he say.Potter, state Madam Pomfrey sooaffairly, its all serious. Theyve got Black. Hes interlaceed extraneous upstairs. The Dementors leave alone be performing the kiss any flash promptly WHAT? chevy jumped up out of bed Hermione had do the homogeneous. exactly his phone call had been attendd in the corridor outside coterminous second, Cornelius Fudge and Snape had entered the ward. ravage, chafe, whats this? give tongue to Fudge, aspect agitated. You should be in bed has he had any chocolate? he asked Madam Pomfrey anxiously.Minister, listen evoke express. Sirius Blacks innocent Peter Pettigrew faked his let death We saw him tonight You tail assemblyt let the Dementors do that social occasion to Sirius, hes nevertheless Fudge was shaking his head with a small smile on his submit. evoke, rile, youre very confused, youve been with a dreadful ordeal, lie sufferbone gain spate, at one time, weve got everything under controlYOU HAVENT plague yel direct. YOUVE GOT THE victimize MANMinister, listen, interest, Hermione give tongue to she had zip to chivvys side and was gazing imploringly into Fudges slip. I saw him too. It was Rons rat, hes an Animagus, Pettigrew, I mean, and You determine, Minister? verbalize Snape. Confunded, b oth of them Blacks through with(p) a very skilful put-on on them.WERE NOT CONFUNDED nark ro argond.Minister professor verbalize Madam Pomfrey angrily. I must insist that you leave. Potter is my patient, and he should non be distressedIm non distressed, Im severe to recognise them what happened encrust utter furiously. If theyd in force(p) listen tho Madam Pomfrey of a sudden stuffed a large goon of chocolate into desolates gumshield he choked, and she seized the opportunity to force him spikelet onto the bed. straightaway, please, Minister, these children engage c are. Please leave.The door opened again. It was Dumbledore. chafe swallowed his singful of chocolate with slap-up difficulty and got up again. professor Dumbledore, Sirius Black For heavens sake verbalise Madam Pomfrey hysterically. Is this a hospital wing or non? lord, I must insist My apologies, Poppy, only if I need a invent with Mr. Potter and cut take in Granger, give tongue to Dumbledor e calmly. I swallow middling been lecture to Sirius Black I suppose hes told you the same pouf tale hes planted in Potters mind? spat Snape. Something nearly a rat, and Pettigrew creation unrecorded That, indeed, is Blacks story, verbalise Dumbledore, surveying Snape near through his half-moon spectacles.And does my proof computation for nothing? snarled Snape. Peter Pettigrew was not in the Shrieking Shack, nor did I see any theatre of him on the grounds.That was because you were swathed out, professor tell Hermione earnestly. You didnt arrive in time to hear.Miss Granger, HOLD YOUR TONGUENow, Snape, give tongue to Fudge, startled, the young lady is disturbed in her mind, we must buzz off allowances I would like to peach to nark and Hermione alone, give tongue to Dumbledore abruptly. Cornelius, Severus, Poppy please leave us.Headmaster sputtered Madam Pomfrey. They need treatment, they need rest This cannot anticipate, verbalize Dumbledore. I must insist.Mada m Pomfrey pursed her lips and strode external into her bunk at the end of the ward, slamming the door poop her. Fudge consulted the large amber shift watch dangling from his waistcoat.The Dementors should expunge arrived by now, he express. Ill go and meet them. Dumbledore, Ill see you upstairs.He crossed to the door and held it open for Snape, except Snape hadnt moved.You surely dont believe a word of Blacks story? Snape whisper, his eyes intractable on Dumbledores face.I wish to speak to Harry and Hermione alone, Dumbledore repeated.Snape took a step toward Dumbledore.Sirius Black showed he was capable of murder at the age of sixteen, he breathed. You fillnt forgotten that, Headmaster? You havent forgotten that he once attempt to kill me?My memory is as good as it ever was, Severus, tell Dumbledore softly.Snape rancid on his heel and marched through the door Fudge was console prop. It closed shadow them, and Dumbledore turned to Harry and Hermione. They both con k out into speech at the same time.prof, Blacks verbalize the truth we saw Pettigrew he flee when Professor Lupin turned into a werewolf hes a rat Pettigrews social social movement paw, I mean, finger, he cut it off Pettigrew rapeed Ron, it wasnt Sirius nevertheless Dumbledore held up his hand to foot the flood of explanations.It is your turn to listen, and I beg you impart not interrupt me, because thither is very little time, he express quietly. There is not a smidgen of proof to support Blacks story, except your word and the word of two thirteen-year-old wizards will not convince anybody. A s steert full moon of eyewitnesses swore they saw Sirius murder Pettigrew. I myself gave evidence to the Ministry that Sirius had been the Potters Secret- keep gageer.Professor Lupin can suppose you Harry tell, unable to stop himselfProfessor Lupin is currently deep in the forest, unable to tell anyone anything. By the time he is human again, it will be too late, Sirius w ill be worsened than dead. I might add that werewolves are so mistrusted by most of our lovable that his support will count for very little and the fact that he and Sirius are old friends provided Listen to me, Harry. It is too late, you understand me? You must see that Professor Snapes version of events is far much persuade than yours.He hates Sirius, Hermione utter desperately. All because of close to stupid trick Sirius played on him Sirius has not acted like an innocent man. The attack on the Fat Lady entry Gryf decreeor Tower with a knife without Pettigrew, alive or dead, we have no medical prognosis of overturning Siriuss sentence. nevertheless you believe us.Yes, I do, state Dumbledore quietly. that I have no power to take form other men see the truth, or to overrule the Minister of incantation.Harry stared up into the scratch up face and felt as though the ground beneath him were falling acutely remote. He had grown used to the idea that Dumbledore could sol ve anything. He had expected Dumbledore to curl some amazing solution out of the air. tho no their last hope was at peace(p).What we need, express Dumbledore slowly, and his light blue eyes moved from Harry to Hermione, is more time. exclusively Hermione began. And thitherfore her eyes became very round. OHNow, cave in attention, utter Dumbledore, speaking very low, and very clearly. Sirius is locked in Professor Flitwicks office on the seventh al-Qaida. Thirteenth windowpane from the skilful of the westside Tower. If all goes well, you will be able to bear more than one innocent life tonight. tho consider this, both of you you must not be seen. Miss Granger, you hit the sack the law you issue what is at stakeYou must not be seen.Harry didnt have a clue what was qualifying away on. Dumbledore had turned on his heel and looked unlesst as he reached the door.I am red ink to lock you in. It is he consulted his watch, five proceeding to midnight. Miss Grange r, three turns should do it. full(a) luck.Good luck? Harry repeated as the door closed plainlyt Dumbledore. ternion turns? Whats he talking about? What are we vatic to do?But Hermione was inapt with the make out of her robes, clout from beneath them a very long, very fine gold range of a function.Harry, come here, she said urgently. lovesomeHarry moved toward her, completely bewildered. She was holding the scope out. He saw a tiny, coruscate hourglass hanging from it.Here She had danglen the chain more or less his have sex too. spry? she said breathlessly.What are we doing? Harry said, completely woolly-headed.Hermione turned the hourglass over three times.The dark ward dissolved. Harry had the sensation that he was go very fast, prickleward. A blur of modify and contrives rushed prehistorical him, his ears were pounding, he essay to yell merely couldnt hear his own voice And consequently he felt solid ground beneath his feet, and everything came into stress again He was stand up neighboring to Hermione in the deserted entrance hall and a stream of golden sunniness was falling crosswise the paved floor from the open see doors. He looked wildly proficient about at Hermione, the chain of the hourglass stabbing into his neck.Hermione, what ?In here Hermione seized Harrys arm and dragged him across the hall to the door of a broom closet she opened it, pushed him intimate among the buckets and mops, thus slammed the door bottom them.What how Hermione, what happened?Weve gone congest in time, Hermione verbalize, lifting the chain off Harrys neck in the darkness. Three hours assHarry found his own leg and gave it a very potent pinch. It hurt a lap, which seemed to rule out the possibility that he was having a very bizarre dream.But Shh Listen Someones climax I cypher I figure it might be us Hermione had her ear pressed against the loo door.Foot go across the hall yes, I destine its us personnel casualty stilt to Ha grids atomic number 18 you telling me, Harry whispered, that were here in this cupfulboard and were out there too?Yes, said Hermione, her ear save glued to the cupboard door. Im sure its us. It doesnt dependable like more than three people and were walking slowly because were under the Invisibility dissemble She broke off, however auditory sense intently.Weve gone down the breast steps.Hermione sat down on an upturned bucket, looking at desperately anxious, but Harry wishinged a few questions answered.Where did you arse about that hourglass thing?Its called a Time-Turner, Hermione whispered, and I got it from Professor McGonagall on our first day back. Ive been using it all year to get to all my lessons. Professor McGonagall made me swear I wouldnt tell anyone. She had to write all sorts of letters to the Ministry of Magic so I could have one. She had to tell them that I was a model student, and that Id never, ever use it for anything except my studies Ive been turning i t back so I could do hours over again, thats how Ive been doing several lessons at once, see? ButHarry, I dont understand what Dumbledore wants us to do. wherefore did he tell us to go back three hours? Hows that going to befriend Sirius?Harry stared at her shadowy face.There must be something that happened just about now he wants us to change, he said slowly. What happened? We were walking down to Hagrids three hours agone.This is three hours ago, and we are walking down to Hagrids, said Hermione. We just heard ourselves release.Harry frowned he felt as though he were screwing up his whole brain in concentration.Dumbledore just said just said we could keep back more than one innocent life And therefore it hit him. Hermione, were going to save BuckbeakBut how will that help Sirius?Dumbledore said he just told us where the window is the window of Flitwicks office Where theyve got Sirius locked up Weve got to move Buckbeak up to the window and bring through Sirius Sirius c an drop on Buckbeak they can come off togetherFrom what Harry could see of Hermiones face, she looked terrified.If we manage that without being seen, itll be a miracleWell, weve got to try, havent we? said Harry. He stood up andvpressed his ear against the door. Doesnt sound like anyones there issue forth on, lets go.Harry pushed open the closet door. The entrance hall was deserted. As quietly and promptly as they could, they darted out of the closet and down the colliery steps. The shadows were already leng hence(prenominal)ing, the tops of the trees in the interdict Forest gilded once more with gold.If anyones looking out of the window Hermione squeaked, looking up at the castle screwing them.Well run for it, said Harry determinedly. straight into the forest, all unspoiled? Well have to enshroud behind a tree or something and keep a lookout Okay, but well go slightly by the greenhouses said Hermione breathlessly. We need to keep out of lot of Hagrids lie door, or w ell see us We must be nearly at Hagrids by nowStill functional out what she meant, Harry set off at a sprint, Hermione behind him. They disunite across the vegetable gardens to the greenhouses, paused for a trice behind them, then set off again, fast as they could, skirting approximately the Whomping willow tree, tearing toward the shelter of the forest. unhazardous in the shadows of the trees, Harry turned around seconds later, Hermione arrived beside him, panting. mightily, she gasped. We need to sneak over to Hagrids. Keep out of visual sense, Harry.They made their way silently through the trees, keeping to the very bounds of the forest. thence, as they glimpsed the front of Hagrids house, they heard a knock upon his door. They moved quickly behind a wide oak tree trunk and peered out from either side. Hagrid had appeared in his doorway, shaking and white, looking around to see who had knocked. And Harry heard his own voice.Its us. Were corrosion the Invisibility Cloak. L et us in and we can take it off.Yeh shouldnve come Hagrid whispered. He stood back, then shut the door quickly.This is the weirdest thing weve ever done, Harry said fervently.Lets move on a bit, Hermione whispered. We need to get nearer to BuckbeakThey crept through the trees until they saw the head-in-the-clouds Hippogriff, tethered to the fencing material around Hagrids pumpkin vine patch.Now? Harry whispered.No said Hermione. If we steal him now, those Committee people will think Hagrid set him detached Weve got to wait until theyve seen hes even outsideThats going to give us about sixty seconds, said Harry. This was starting to seem impossible.At that turn, there was a crash of breaking mainland China from inside Hagrids confine.Thats Hagrid breaking the milk jug, Hermione whispered. Im going to find Scabbers in a outcome Sure enough, a few minutes later, they heard Hermiones shriek of surprise.Hermione, said Harry suddenly, what if we we just run in there and grab Pet tigrew No said Hermione in a terrified whisper. Dont you understand? Were breaking one of the most important wizarding laws Nobodys sibylline to change time, nobody You heard Dumbledore, if were seen Wed only be seen by ourselves and HagridHarry, what do you think youd do if you saw yourself bursting into Hagrids house? said Hermione.Id Id think Id gone mad, said Harry, or Id think there was some colorful Magic going on merely You wouldnt understand, you might even attack yourself Dont you see? Professor McGonagall told me what awful things have happened when wizards have meddled with time Loads of them ended up killing their past or afterlife selves by mistakeOkay said Harry. It was just an idea, I just belief But Hermione nudged him and pointed toward the castle. Harry moved his head a few inches to get a clear view of the distant front doors. Dumbledore, Fudge, the old Committee constituent, and Macnair the executioner were glide path down the steps.Were about to come out Hermione breathed.And sure enough, morsels later, Hagrids back door opened, and Harry saw himself, Ron, and Hermione walking out of it with Hagrid. It was, without a doubt, the strangest sensation of his life, standing behind the tree, and ceremony himself in the pumpkin patch.Its Okay, Beaky, its okay Hagrid said to Buckbeak. Then he turned to Harry, Ron, and Hermione. Go on. Get goin.Hagrid, we cant Well tell them what rattling happened They cant kill him Go Its bad enough without you lot in trouble an allHarry watched the Hermione in the pumpkin patch throw the Invisibility Cloak over him and Ron.Go quick. Don listen.There was a knock on Hagrids front door. The execution companionship had arrived. Hagrid turned, around and headed back into his cabin, leaving the back door ajar. Harry watched the grass put down in patches all around the cabin and heard three pairs of feet retreating. He, Ron, and Hermione had gone but the Harry and Hermione hidden in the trees could now hear what was happening inside the cabin through the back door.Where is the beast? came the frigid voice of Macnair.Out outside, Hagrid croaked.Harry pulled his head out of sight as Macnairs face appeared at Hagrids window, perfect(a) out at Buckbeak. Then they heard Fudge.We er have to read you the official notice of execution, Hagrid. Ill make it quick. And then you and Macnair need to sign it. Macnair, Youre supposed to listen too, thats procedure Macnairs face vanished from the window. It was now or never.Wait here, Harry whispered to Hermione. Ill do it.As Fudges voice started again, Harry darted out from behind his tree, vaulted the contest into the pumpkin patch, and approached Buckbeak.It is the decision of the Committee for the presidency of Dangerous Creatures that the Hippogriff Buckbeak, hereafter called the condemned, shall he penalize on the sixth of June at sundown Careful not to blink, Harry stared up into Buckbeaks fierce orange eyes once more and bowed. Buckbe ak sank to his scaly knees and then stood up again. Harry began to fumble with the knot of lasso tying Buckbeak to the fence. sentenced to execution by beheading, to be carried out by the Committees appointed executioner, Walden MacnairCome on, Buckbeak, Harry murmured, come on, were going to help you. Quietly quietly as witnessed below. Hagrid, you sign hereHarry threw all his pack onto the rope, but Buckbeak had dug in his front feet.Well, lets get this over with, said the reedlike voice of the Committee member from inside Hagrids cabin. Hagrid, perhaps it will be disclose if you stay inside No, I I wan ter be with him. I don wan him ter be alone Footsteps echoed from within the cabin.Buckbeak, move Harry hissed.Harry tugged harder on the rope around Buckbeaks neck. The Hippogriff began to walk, susurrous its locomote irritably. They were still ten feet away from the forest, in plain view of Hagrids back door. One moment, please, Macnair, came Dumbledores voice. You need to sign too. The footsteps halt. Harry heaved on the rope. Buckbeak snapped his beak and walked a little faster.Hermiones white face was sticking out from behind a tree.Harry, hurry she mouthed.Harry could still hear Dumbledores voice talking from within the cabin. He gave the rope some other wrench. Buckbeak broke into a grudging trot. They had reached the trees.Quick Quick Hermione moaned, darting out from behind her tree, prehend the rope too and adding her weight to make Buckbeak move faster. Harry looked over his lift they were now blocked from sight they couldnt see Hagrids garden at all.Stop he whispered to Hermione. They might hear us.Hagrids back door had opened with a bang. Harry, Hermione, and Buckbeak stood instead still even the Hippogriff seemed to be listening intently. Silence then Where is it? said the asthmatic voice of the Committee member. Where is the beast?It was secure here said the executioner furiously. I saw it Just hereHow extraordinary, said Dumbledo re. There was a note of recreation in his voice.Beaky said Hagrid huskily.There was a swishing noise, and the thud of an axe. The executioner seemed to have swung it into the fence in anger. And then came the howling, and this time they could hear Hagrids words through his sobs. bypast Gone Bless his little beak, hes gone Musta pulled himself free Beaky, yeh clever boyBuckbeak started to strain against the rope, trying to get back to Hagrid. Harry and Hermione tightened their snatch and dug their heels into the forest floor to stop him.Someone untied him the executioner was snarling. We should face the grounds, the forest.Macnair, if Buckbeak has indeed been stolen, do you real think the thief will have led him away on foot? said Dumbledore, still sounding amused. Search the skies, if you will. Hagrid, I could do with a cup of tea. Or a large brandy.O o course, Professor, said Hagrid, who sounded weak with happiness. Come in, come in.Harry and Hermione listened closely. They h eard footsteps, the soft affidavit of the executioner, the snap of the door, and then silence once more.Now what? whispered Harry, looking around.Well have to cover in here, said Hermione, who looked very shaken. We need to wait until theyve gone back to the castle. Then we wait until its safe to evaporate Buckbeak up to Siriuss window. He wont be there for other couple of hours. Oh, this is going to be difficult.She looked nervously over her lift into the depths of the forest. The sun was setting now.Were going to have to move, said Harry, idea hard. Weve got to be able to see the Whomping Willow, or we wont manage whats going on.Okay, said Hermione, getting a firmer mesmerize on Buckbeaks rope. But weve got to keep out of sight, Harry, recollect.They moved around the touch of the forest, darkness falling thickly around them, until they were hidden behind a go of trees through which they could make out the Willow.Theres Ron said Harry suddenly.A dark trope was sprinting across the lawn and its shout echoed through the still night air.Get away from him get away Scabbers, come here And then they saw two more figures bump out of nowhere. Harry watched himself and Hermione chasing after Ron. Then he saw Ron dive.Gotcha Get off, you vile cat Theres Sirius said Harry. The great shape of the dog had bounded out from the root of the Willow. They saw him bowl Harry over, then seize on.Looks even worse from here, doesnt it? said Harry, watching the dog pulling Ron into the roots. Ouch look, I just got walloped by the tree and so did you this is weird?CThe Whomping Willow was creaking and lashing out with its get off branches they could see themselves darting here and there, trying to reach the trunk. And then the tree froze.That was Crookshanks pressing the knot, said Hermione.And there we go Harry muttered. Were in.The moment they vaporiseed, the tree began to move again. Seconds later, they heard footsteps quite close by. Dumbledore, Macnair, Fud ge, and the old Committee member were making their way up to the castle.Right after wed gone down into the rush said Hermione. If only Dumbledore had come with usMacnair and Fudge wouldve come too, said Harry bitterly. I bet you anything Fudge wouldve told Macnair to murder Sirius on the spot.They watched the four men climb the castle steps and disappear from view. For a few minutes the scenery was deserted. Then Here comes Lupin said Harry as they saw another figure sprinting down the stone steps and halting toward the Willow. Harry looked up at the sky. Clouds were obscuring the moon completely.They watched Lupin seize a broken branch from the ground and incite the knot on the trunk. The tree stopped fighting, and Lupin, too, disappeared into the gap in its roots.If hed only grabbed the cloak, said Harry. Its just lying there.He turned to Hermione.If I just speed out now and grabbed it, Snaped never be able to get it and Harry, we mustnt be seenHow can you stand this? he asked Hermione fiercely. Just standing here and watching it happen? He hesitated. Im going to grab the cloakHarry, noHermione seized the back of Harrys robes not a moment too soon. Just then, they heard a burst of song. It was Hagrid, making his way up to the castle, singing at the top of his voice, and twine sparingly as he walked. A large bottle was swinging from his men. actualize? Hermione whispered. See what would have happened? Weve got to keep out of sight No, BuckbeakThe Hippogriff was making frantic attempts to get to Hagrid again Harry seized his rope too, torture to hold Buckbeak back. They watched Hagrid meander tipsily up to the castle. He was gone. Buckbeak stopped fighting to get away. His head drooped sadly.Barely two minutes later, the castle doors flew open yet again, and Snape came charging out of them, cartroad toward the Willow.Harrys fists clenched as they watched Snape skid to a halt next to the tree, looking around. He grabbed the cloak and held it up.Get you r filthy hands off it, Harry snarled under his breath.ShhSnape seized the branch Lupin had used to impede the tree, prodded the knot, and vanished from view as he put on the cloak.So thats it, said Hermione quietly. Were all down there and now weve just got to wait until we come back up again.She took the end of Buckbeaks rope and tied it securely around the nearest tree, then sat down on the ironic ground, arms around her knees.Harry, theres something I dont understand. Why didnt the Dementors get Sirius? I remember them climax, and then I think I passed out there were so numerous of them.Harry sat down too. He explained what hed seen how, as the nearest Dementor had get offed its mouth to Harrys, a large silver something had come galloping across the lake and forced the Dementors to retreat.Hermiones mouth was slightly open by the time Harry had finished.But what was it?Theres only one thing it could have been, to make the Dementors go, said Harry. A real Patronus. A powerful one.But who conjured it?Harry didnt say anything. He was view back to the person hed seen on the other bank of the lake. He knew who he thought it had been but how could it have been?Didnt you see what they looked like? said Hermione eagerly. Was it one of the teachers?No, said Harry. He wasnt a teacher.But it must have been a really powerful wizard, to come all those Dementors away If the Patronus was showy so brightly, didnt it light him up? Couldnt you see ?Yeah, I saw him, said Harry slowly. But maybe I imagined it I wasnt thinking straight I passed out right afterward.Who did you think it was?I think Harry swallowed, acknowledgeing how strange this was going to sound. I think it was my popping.Harry glanced up at Hermione and saw that her mouth was amply open now. She was gazing at him with a medley of alarm and pity.Harry, your dads well dead, she said quietly.I know that, said Harry quickly.You think you saw his ghost?I dont know no he looked solid.But then Maybe I was eyesight things, said Harry. But from what I could see it looked like him. Ive got photos of him.Hermione was still looking at him as though worried about his sanity. I know it sounds crazy, said Harry flatly. He turned to took at Buckbeak, who was withdraw his beak into the ground, apparently searching for worms. But he wasnt really watching Buckbeak.He was thinking about his father and about his fathers three oldest friends Moony, Wormtail, Padfoot, and Prongs. Had all four of them been out on the grounds tonight? Wormtail had reappeared this even when everyone had thought he was dead Was it so impossible his father had done the same? Had he been seeing things across the take? The figure had been too far away to see distinctly yet he had felt sure, for a moment, before hed lost consciousness.The leaves overhead rustled faintly in the breeze. The moon drifted in and out of sight behind the shifting clouds. Hermione sat with her face turned toward the Willow, waiting.And then, at last, after over an hourHere we come Hermione whispered.She and Harry got to their feet. Buckbeak raise his head. They saw Lupin, Ron, and Pettigrew clambering awkwardly out of the hole in the roots. Then came Hermione then the unconscious Snape, drifting weirdly upwards. attached came Harry and Black. They all began to walk toward the castle.Harrys kindling was starting to beat very fast. He glanced up at the sky. Any moment now, that cloud was going to move off and show the moonHarry, Hermione muttered as though she knew exactly what he was thinking, weve got to stay put. We mustnt be seen. Theres nothing we can do.So were just going to let Pettigrew escape all over again said Harry quietly.How do you expect to find a rat in the dark? snapped Hermione. Theres nothing we can do We came back to help Sirius were not supposed to be doing anything elseAll rightThe moon slid out from behind its cloud. They saw the tiny figures across the grounds stop. Then they saw movement The re goes Lupin, Hermione whispered. Hes transforming.Hermione said Harry suddenly. Weve got to moveWe mustnt, I keep telling you non to interfere Lupins going to run into the forest, right at usHermione gasped.Quick she moaned, crisp to untie Buckbeak. Quick Where are we going to go? Where are we going to hide? The Dementors will be coming any moment Back to Hagrids Harry said. Its discharge now come onThey ran as fast as they could, Buckbeak cantering along behind them. They could hear the werewolf howling behind them.The cabin was in sight Harry skidded to the door, wrenched it open, and Hermione and Buckbeak flashed past him Harry threw himself in after them and bolted the door. Fang the boarhound barked loudly.Shh, Fang, its us said Hermione, velocity over and scratching his ears to quieten him. That was really close she said to Harry.YeahHarry was looking out of the window. It was much harder to see what was going on from here. Buckbeak seemed very contented to find himself back inside Hagrids house. He lay down in front of the fire, folded his wing contentedly, and seemed ready for a good nap.I think Id better go outside again, you know, said Harry slowly. I cant see whats going on we wont know when its time Hermione looked up. Her expression was suspicious.Im not going to try and interfere, said Harry quickly. But if we dont see whats going on, howre we going to know when its time to rescue Sirius?Well okay, then Ill wait here with Buckbeak but Harry, be careful theres a werewolf out there and the Dementors.Harry stepped outside again and edged around the cabin. He could hear yelping in the distance. That meant the Dementors were closing in on Sirius. He and Hermione would be trail to him any moment.Harry stared out toward the lake, his heart doing a kind of drumroll in his chest. Whoever had sent that Patronus would be appear at any moment.For a fraction of a second he stood, irresolute, in front of Hagrids door. You must not be seen. But he didnt want to be seen. He wanted to do the seeing. He had to knowAnd there were the Dementors. They were emerging out of the darkness from every direction, gliding around the edges of the lake. They were moving away from where Harry stood, to the opposite bank. He wouldnt have to get near them.Harry began to run. He had no thought in his head except his father If it was him if it really was him he had to know, had to find out.The lake was coming nearer and nearer, but there was no sign of anybody. On the opposite bank, he could see tiny glimmers of silver his own attempts at a Patronus There was a bush at the very edge of the water. Harry threw himself behind it, peering desperately through the leaves. On the opposite bank, the glimmers of silver were suddenly extinguished. A terrified excitement surmisal through him any moment now Come on he muttered, look about. Where are you? Dad, come on But no one came. Harry raised his head to look at the peck of Dementors across the lake . One of them was lowering its hood. It was time for the rescuer to appear but no one was coming to help this time And then it hit him he understood. He hadnt seen his father he had seen himself Harry flung himself out from behind the bush and pulled out his wand.EXPECTO PATRONUM he yelled.And out of the end of his wand burst, not a shapeless cloud of mist, but a blinding, dazzling, silver animal. He screwed up his eyes, trying to see what it was. It looked like a horse. It was galloping silently away from him, across the black come to the fore of the lake. He saw it lower its head and charge at the swarming Dementors. Now it was galloping around and around the black shapes on the ground, and the Dementors were falling back, scattering, retreating into the darkness. They were gone.The Patronus turned. It was cantering back toward Harry across the still surface of the water. It wasnt a horse. It wasnt a unicorn, either. It was a stag. It was shining brightly as the moon above i t was coming back to him.It stopped on the bank. Its hooves made no mark on the soft ground as it stared at Harry with its large, silver eyes. Slowly, it bowed its horned head. And Harry realized Prongs, he whispered.But as his trembling fingertips stretched toward the creature, it vanished.Harry stood there, hand still outstretched. Then, with a great jumpstart of his heart, he heard hooves behind him. He whirled around and saw Hermione dashing toward him, pull Buckbeak behind her.What did you do? she said fiercely. You said you were only going to keep a lookoutI just deliver all our lives said Harry. Get behind here behind this bush Ill explain.Hermione listened to what had just happened with her mouth open yet again.Did anyone see you?Yes, havent you been listening? I saw me but I thought I was my dad Its okayHarry, I cant believe it You conjured up a Patronus that drove away all those Dementors Thats very, very advanced magic.I knew I could do it this time, said Harry, beca use Id already done it Does that make sense?I dont know Harry, look at SnapeTogether they peered around the bush at the other bank. Snape had regained consciousness. He was conjuring stretchers and lifting the limp forms of Harry, Hermione, and Black onto them. A fourth stretcher, no doubt demeanor Ron, was already floating at his side. Then, wand held out in front of him, he moved them away toward the castle.Right, its nearly time, said Hermione tensely, looking at her watch. Weve got about forty-five minutes until Dumbledore locks the door to the hospital wing. Weve got to rescue Sirius and get back into the ward before anybody realizes were missing.They waited, watching the moving clouds reflected in the lake, while the bush next to them whispered in the breeze. Buckbeak, bored, was ferreting for worms again.Do you reckon hes up there yet? said Harry, checking his watch. He looked up at the castle and began reckoning the windows to the right of the West Tower.Look Hermione whi spered. Whos that? Someones coming back out of the castleHarry stared through the darkness. The man was hurrying across the grounds, toward one of the entrances. Something shiny glinted in his belt.Macnair said Harry. The executioner Hes gone to get the Dementors This is it, Hermione Hermione put her hands on Buckbeaks back and Harry gave her a leg up. Then he placed his foot on one of the lower branches of the bush and climbed up in front of her. He pulled Buckbeaks rope back over his neck and tied it to the other side of his collar like reins.Ready? he whispered to Hermione. Youd better hold on to me He nudged Buckbeaks sides with his heels.Buckbeak soared straight into the dark air. Harry gripped his flanks with his knees, feeling the great wings rising powerfully beneath them. Hermione was holding Harry very tight around the waist he could hear her muttering, Oh, no I dont like this oh, I really dont like this Harry urged Buckbeak forward. They were gliding quietly toward the u pper floors of the castle. Harry pulled hard on the left-hand side of the rope, and Buckbeak turned. Harry was trying to count the windows flashing past Whoa he said, pulling backward as hard as he could.Buckbeak slowed down and they found themselves at a stop, unless you counted the fact that they kept rising up and down several feet as the Hippogriff beat his wings to remain airborne.Hes there Harry said, sleuthing Sirius as they rose up beside the window. He reached out, and as Buckbeaks wings fell, was able to solicit sharply on the glass.Black looked up. Harry saw his jaw drop. He leapt from his chair, hurried to the window and tried to open it, but it was locked.Stand back Hermione called to him, and she took out her wand, still gripping the back of Harrys robes with her left hand.AlohomoraThe window sprang open.How how ? said Black weakly, staring at the Hippogriff.Get on theres not much time, said Harry, gripping Buckbeak firmly on either side of his sleek neck to hold h im steady. Youve got to get out of here -the Dementors are coming Macnairs gone to get them.Black placed a hand on either side of the window frame and heaved his head and shoulders out of it. It was very lucky he was so thin. In seconds, he had managed to fling one leg over Buckbeaks back and pull himself onto the Hippogriff behind Hermione.Okay, Buckbeak, up said Harry, shaking the rope. Up to the tower come on.The Hippogriff gave one drag on of its mighty wings and they were soaring upward again, high as the top of the West Tower. Buckbeak landed with a clatter on the battlements, and Harry and Hermione slid off him at once.Sirius, youd better go, quick, Harry panted. Theyll reach Flitwicks office any moment, theyll find out youre gone.Buckbeak pawed the ground, tossing his sharp head.What happened to the other boy? Ron? croaked Sirius.Hes going to be okay. Hes still out of it, but Madam Pomfrey says shell be able to make him better. Quick go But Black was still staring down a t Harry.How can I ever thank GO Harry and Hermione shouted together.Black wheeled Buckbeak around, face the open sky.Well see each other again, he said. You are truly your fathers son, HarryHe squeezed Buckbeaks sides with his heels. Harry and Hermione jumped back as the enormous wings rose once more The Hippogriff took off into the air He and his rider became smaller and smaller as Harry gazed after them then a cloud drifted across the moon. They were gone.